Peter J. O'Reilly, United Kingdom

Oxford Vaccine Group Paediatrics

Presenter of 2 Presentations

 Conference Calendar

DETECTION OF NASOPHARYNGEAL VIRUSES IN PAEDIATRIC INPATIENT PNEUMONIA CASES BEFORE AND AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF PCV10 VACCINE IN NEPAL (ID 329)

Session Name
Basic Sciences - Interaction with Microbiome, Viruses, other Bacteria
Presenter
Authors

DOES VIRAL DETECTION IN THE NASOPHARYNX IMPACT THE DISTRIBUTION OF COLONISING PNEUMOCOCCAL SEROTYPES OBSERVED IN PNEUMONIA CASES AMONG NEPALESE CHILDREN? (ID 799)

Session Name
Basic Sciences - Interaction with Microbiome, Viruses, other Bacteria
Presenter
Authors

Author Of 12 Presentations

 Conference Calendar

IMPACT OF NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN THE HOUSEHOLD ON NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN HEALTHY NEPALESE CHILDREN (ID 534)

Session Name
Population Sciences - Epidemiology, Economics, and Mathematical Modelling
Presenter
Authors

CONSISTENCY OF VACCINATION HISTORIES OBTAINED FROM MEDICAL RECORDS OR CAREGIVER RECALL IN NEPAL. (ID 1135)

Session Name
Vaccines - Impact of Vaccine programs and Serotype Replacement
Presenter
Authors

Abstract

Background

PCV status, necessary for assessing vaccine impact, is often incomplete or unknown. For children admitted with pneumonia in Kathmandu, Nepal, we compared vaccine histories from caregivers vs medical records to determine if these provided similar estimates of coverage.

Methods

Between 2016-2019, patients aged 6 months to 14 years admitted with pneumonia at Patan Hospital, enrolled into a pneumococcal carriage study had their number of PCV doses collected by caregiver recall and/or from hospital medical records. Records, created at birth, are updated when they receive routine vaccinations there; for vaccinations administered elsewhere, vaccine history is obtained from caregivers during any hospital admission. Cases were excluded from analyses if both caregiver recall and medical records were cited as the source.

Results

Of the 1,603 inpatients enrolled, 1,201 (80%) had data from either caregiver recall or medical records. PCV coverage (3 doses) was higher for caregiver recall than medical records (43% vs 35%; p=0.03), while Hib vaccine coverage was similar (91% vs 87%; p=0.16).

Conclusions

Although caregiver recall provided statistically higher estimates of vaccine coverage than medical records, the estimates were generally similar. Medical records may be incomplete (underestimate) and caregiver recall may have recall bias (overestimate); the truth may be in between.

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IMPACT OF 10-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE INTRODUCTION ON INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE (IPD) IN NEPALESE CHILDREN (ID 563)

Session Name
Vaccines - Impact of Vaccine programs and Serotype Replacement
Presenter
Authors

Abstract

Background

We assessed the distribution of pneumococcal serotypes in children with microbiologically-confirmed invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) before (2014-2015) and after (2016-2019) PCV10 introduction in Nepal in 2015.

Methods

Children (aged 2 months to <14 years) admitted to Patan Hospital, Nepal with pneumococcus detected in blood, CSF or pleural fluid were included. Serotyping was by Quellung method.

Results

Pre-vaccine, 6/22 (27.3%) IPD cases were age <2 years; post-vaccine, 5/36 (13.9%) were <2 years. Ratio of vaccine-type to non-vaccine-type IPD among <2y olds was 5:1 pre-vaccine and 2:3 post-vaccine; among >=2y olds, the ratio was 13:1 pre-vaccine and 7:1 post-vaccine. Most (32/41, 78%) vaccine-type IPD was serotype 1: 3/7 among <2 year olds (n=1 post-vaccine); 29/34 among >=2 year olds (n=17/19 post-vaccine were >4 years old). Among 44 IPD cases detected from blood, 36 (82%) were vaccine-type (n=29 were ST1), and 7 were non-vaccine-type (6C, 10A (n=2), 19A, 24F, 38, 41). Of 13 detected from CSF (1 culture, 3 PCR and 9 Binax-only), 5 were serotyped (1, 14, 6B, 6A/B, 7F) .The 3 pleural fluid cases were serotypes 1 (n=2) and 19A.

Conclusions

Post-PCV10 introduction, IPD among <2 year olds fell; although a high proportion of ST1 IPD remains, most were >4 years old.

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NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE PREVALENCE OF SEROTYPES 3, 6A, 19A AND 6C IN NEPALESE CHILDREN: IS IT TIME TO SWITCH FROM PCV10 TO A DIFFERENT PCV? (ID 528)

Session Name
Vaccines - Impact of Vaccine programs and Serotype Replacement
Presenter
Authors

IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PREVIOUS HISTORY OF PNEUMONIA, MENINGITIS OR SEPSIS AND NASOPHARYNGRAL CARRIAGE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN HEALTHY CHILDREN IN NEPAL (ID 752)

Session Name
Clinical Sciences - Disease Burden in Infants, Children/Youth, and Adults
Presenter
Authors

IMPACT OF PCV10 INTRODUCTION ON NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN HEALTHY CHILDREN IN RURAL AND URBAN NEPAL (ID 531)

Session Name
Vaccines - Impact of Vaccine programs and Serotype Replacement
Presenter
Authors

Abstract

Background

The ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced in Nepal in 2015. We compared the nasopharyngeal carriage of PCV10 and non-PCV10 serotypes of pneumococcus between pre-vaccine (2015) and post-vaccine (2017-2018) years in two different regions of Nepal.

Methods

Nasopharyngeal samples obtained in healthy Nepalese children aged 6-59 months in urban (Patan, Kathmandu) and 6-23 months in rural (Okhaldhunga) settings were transported in STGG (Skim Milk-Tryptone-Glucose-Glycerol) media, cultured for pneumococcus and serotyped by the Quellung method.

Results

The carriage prevalence decreased for all PCV10-type serotypes except 7F in both the settings. PCV10-type prevalence decreased from 29.7% in rural and 17.2% in urban children pre-vaccine to 9.0% and 8.6% post-vaccine, respectively. Pre-vaccine, the most frequently found serotypes in both settings were 19F, 6B, 14. Post-vaccine, the non-PCV10 serotypes were more common; serotypes 34, 6C, 19A and 15B were most common in rural and 6A, 34, 11A, 6C and 15B in urban settings.

Conclusions

Since the introduction of PCV10, carriage prevalence of PCV10 serotypes have reduced and non-PCV10 serotypes have increased in both settings raising the possibility of replacement disease. Continued monitoring of changes in PCV10-serotypes and non-PCV10 serotypes, especially those covered by PCV13, is important to assess vaccine impact.

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DOES VIRAL DETECTION IN THE NASOPHARYNX IMPACT THE DISTRIBUTION OF COLONISING PNEUMOCOCCAL SEROTYPES OBSERVED IN PNEUMONIA CASES AMONG NEPALESE CHILDREN? (ID 799)

Session Name
Basic Sciences - Interaction with Microbiome, Viruses, other Bacteria
Presenter
Authors

IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF THE PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE ON PAEDIATRIC PNEUMONIA CASES IN NEPAL (ID 543)

Session Name
Vaccines - Impact of Vaccine programs and Serotype Replacement
Presenter
Authors

DETECTION OF NASOPHARYNGEAL VIRUSES IN PAEDIATRIC INPATIENT PNEUMONIA CASES BEFORE AND AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF PCV10 VACCINE IN NEPAL (ID 329)

Session Name
Basic Sciences - Interaction with Microbiome, Viruses, other Bacteria
Presenter
Authors

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PROFILE AND SEROTYPE DISTRIBUTION OF PNEUMOCOCCAL BLOOD CULTURE ISOLATES FROM NEPALESE CHILDREN (ID 672)

Session Name
Basic Sciences - Conventional and Molecular Microbiology
Presenter
Authors

IMPACT OF PCV10 IN NEPAL ON NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS IN YOUNG INFANTS PRIOR TO THEIR VACCINATION (ID 530)

Session Name
Vaccines - Impact of Vaccine programs and Serotype Replacement
Presenter
Authors

COMPARISON OF NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS AND ITS SEROTYPES AMONG NEPALI CHILDREN HOSPITALIZED WITH SEVERE AND NON-SEVERE PNEUMONIA (ID 764)

Session Name
Clinical Sciences - Disease Burden in Infants, Children/Youth, and Adults
Presenter
Authors