Megumi Oda, Japan
Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Department of PediatricsAuthor Of 1 Presentation
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHANGE IN INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE IN CHILDREN AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF 13-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE IN JAPAN (ID 403)
Abstract
Background
The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in Japan in 2010 and switched to 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in 2013. The aim of this study is to clarify the epidemiological changes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan.
Methods
The effectiveness of PCV13 in protecting against IPD in children aged <5 years and changes in serotypes were evaluated in a nationwide active population-based surveillance of IPD in 10 prefectures in Japan.
Results
Our data confirmed a 62% decline in IPD incidence in children aged <5 years after the introduction of PCV7. After the introduction of PCV13, the number of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes, especially serotype 19A was dramatically decreased. On the other hand, IPD caused by non-PCV13 serotype increased. The major serotypes of IPD in children was 12F and 24F in 2018. In terms of antimicrobial susceptibility of S. pneumoniae, the number of penicillin G less susceptible strains, especially with serotypes 15A and 35B, increased after PCV13 introduction.
Conclusions
There was a great reduction of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes following the introduction of PCV13. The serotype distribution of IPD has changed from vaccine types to non-vaccine types. Continuous surveillance is necessary to follow this observed trend.