Naruhiko Ishiwada, Japan
Medical Mycology research Center, Chiba University Department of Infectious DiseasesPresenter of 2 Presentations
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHANGE IN INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE IN CHILDREN AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF 13-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE IN JAPAN (ID 403)
Abstract
Background
The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in Japan in 2010 and switched to 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in 2013. The aim of this study is to clarify the epidemiological changes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan.
Methods
The effectiveness of PCV13 in protecting against IPD in children aged <5 years and changes in serotypes were evaluated in a nationwide active population-based surveillance of IPD in 10 prefectures in Japan.
Results
Our data confirmed a 62% decline in IPD incidence in children aged <5 years after the introduction of PCV7. After the introduction of PCV13, the number of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes, especially serotype 19A was dramatically decreased. On the other hand, IPD caused by non-PCV13 serotype increased. The major serotypes of IPD in children was 12F and 24F in 2018. In terms of antimicrobial susceptibility of S. pneumoniae, the number of penicillin G less susceptible strains, especially with serotypes 15A and 35B, increased after PCV13 introduction.
Conclusions
There was a great reduction of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes following the introduction of PCV13. The serotype distribution of IPD has changed from vaccine types to non-vaccine types. Continuous surveillance is necessary to follow this observed trend.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PEDIATRIC COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AND BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA FOLLOWING THE INTRODUCTION OF 13-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE IN THE NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM IN JAPAN (ID 233)
Abstract
Background
Studies on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) related to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction in Asia are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and microbiological determinants of CAP and PP after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan.
Methods
This observational population-based surveillance study included children aged ≤15 years, admitted to hospitals around Chiba City, Japan. Participants had bacterial pneumonia based on a positive blood or sputum culture for bacterial pathogens. Serotype and antibiotic-susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from patients with bacterial pneumonia were assessed.
Results
The CAP hospitalisation rate per 1000 child-years was 17.7, 14.3, and 9.7 in children aged <5 years and 1.18, 2.64, and 0.69 in children aged 5–15 years in 2008, 2012, and 2018, respectively. There was a 45% and 41% reduction in CAP hospitalisation rates, between the pre-PCV7 and PCV13 periods, respectively. Significant reductions occurred in the proportion of CAP due to PP and PCV13 serotypes. Conversely, no change occurred in the proportion of CAP caused by H. influenzae.
Conclusions
The incidence of CAP in children aged ≤15 years was significantly reduced after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan. Continuous surveillance is necessary to detect emerging PP serotypes.
Author Of 2 Presentations
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHANGE IN INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE IN CHILDREN AFTER THE INTRODUCTION OF 13-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE IN JAPAN (ID 403)
Abstract
Background
The heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in Japan in 2010 and switched to 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in 2013. The aim of this study is to clarify the epidemiological changes in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan.
Methods
The effectiveness of PCV13 in protecting against IPD in children aged <5 years and changes in serotypes were evaluated in a nationwide active population-based surveillance of IPD in 10 prefectures in Japan.
Results
Our data confirmed a 62% decline in IPD incidence in children aged <5 years after the introduction of PCV7. After the introduction of PCV13, the number of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes, especially serotype 19A was dramatically decreased. On the other hand, IPD caused by non-PCV13 serotype increased. The major serotypes of IPD in children was 12F and 24F in 2018. In terms of antimicrobial susceptibility of S. pneumoniae, the number of penicillin G less susceptible strains, especially with serotypes 15A and 35B, increased after PCV13 introduction.
Conclusions
There was a great reduction of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes following the introduction of PCV13. The serotype distribution of IPD has changed from vaccine types to non-vaccine types. Continuous surveillance is necessary to follow this observed trend.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PEDIATRIC COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AND BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA FOLLOWING THE INTRODUCTION OF 13-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE IN THE NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM IN JAPAN (ID 233)
Abstract
Background
Studies on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) related to 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) introduction in Asia are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and microbiological determinants of CAP and PP after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan.
Methods
This observational population-based surveillance study included children aged ≤15 years, admitted to hospitals around Chiba City, Japan. Participants had bacterial pneumonia based on a positive blood or sputum culture for bacterial pathogens. Serotype and antibiotic-susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from patients with bacterial pneumonia were assessed.
Results
The CAP hospitalisation rate per 1000 child-years was 17.7, 14.3, and 9.7 in children aged <5 years and 1.18, 2.64, and 0.69 in children aged 5–15 years in 2008, 2012, and 2018, respectively. There was a 45% and 41% reduction in CAP hospitalisation rates, between the pre-PCV7 and PCV13 periods, respectively. Significant reductions occurred in the proportion of CAP due to PP and PCV13 serotypes. Conversely, no change occurred in the proportion of CAP caused by H. influenzae.
Conclusions
The incidence of CAP in children aged ≤15 years was significantly reduced after the introduction of PCV13 in Japan. Continuous surveillance is necessary to detect emerging PP serotypes.