One of the main goals of my research program is to advance FLASH radiotherapy from the bench to the clinic. To this end, we have been successful in obtaining NCI funding for a program project grant aimed to characterize this novel irradiation modality that challenges some of the most fundamental tenets in radiobiology. FLASH radiotherapy is able to achieve remarkable improvements in therapeutic gain through ultrahigh dose rate (≥ 100 Gy/s) delivery. My team that includes Marie-Catherine Vozenin at the CHUV in Switzerland, Bill Loo at Stanford University, Peter Maxim at Indiana University and Doug Spitz at the University of Iowa have generated data in support of several mechanisms, of which one involves a mechanism that minimizes radiation-induced oxygen toxicity and exploits the differential redox biology between tumors and normal tissue. While tumor cure is iso-efficient between FLASH and conventional dose rate modalities, FLASH induces transient and radioprotective hypoxia that affords significant sparing of normal tissue injury in the brain (and throughout all other organs analyzed). Collectively, my research strives to generate the requisite data necessary to facilitate the rapid implementation of this innovative irradiation platform, using both electron and X-ray beams, into the clinic.