1987 - 1993 Medical School, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany 1993 final practical training at Brown-University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA and Kantonsspital Frauenfeld, Switzerland 1993–1995 Internship at the Neurosurgical Department, Friedrichshain Hospital, Berlin, Germany 1995 - 2000 Residency in Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Benjamin Franklin Medical Center, Free University of Berlin (Director: Prof.Dr.med.Dr.h.c. Mario Brock) 1993 Doctoral degree (Dr.med.) by the Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany 2000 Board Certification for Neurosurgery 2000–2002 Board certified Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery, Benjamin Franklin Medical Center, Free University of Berlin (Director: Prof.Dr.med.Dr.h.c. Mario Brock) 2000-2003 Associate Professor for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Benjamin Franklin Medical Center, Free University of Berlin (Director: Prof.Dr.med.Dr.h.c. Mario Brock) 2003-2007 Associate Professor for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Stereotaxy, Neurocenter, University Clinic Freiburg, (Director: Prof. Dr. med. C.B. Ostertag) 2004 venia legendi, (PhD) Charité, Berlin 2007-2012 Full Professorship for Functional Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, University Clinic, Duesseldorf Since 2012 Full Professorship for Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy, University Clinic, Head of the Center of Neuromodulation, Düsseldorf, Germany Since 2017 Head of Dept. of Functional Neurosurgery and Stereotaxy International Neuromodulation Society (INS): board member, secretary Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neuromodulation (DGNM): Vice-president, past president American Association of Neurosurgeons (AANS), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), European Association of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (ESSFN), German working group for Deep Brain Stimulation,