Welcome to the 21st WCP Virtual Congress Program Scheduling
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Filter - Live Sessions: Plenary / Presidential Session | Courses | Special Sessions | Presidential Forum | Spanish Language Sessions | State of the Art Sessions | Interorganizational Symposia | Original Sessions | Panel Discussions | Thematic Sessions
Filter - Recorded Sessions: Accepted Symposia | Free Communications | WPA Distinguished Lectures
Free Communications
MACHINE LEARNING PREDICTION OF RELAPSE TO ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE USE: A PILOT STUDY
- Cavid Guliyev (Turkey)
Abstract
Objectives
In this study, our aim is to use machine learning (ML) algorithms to build a model to distinguish patients who relapse to alcohol and substance use in the first 3 months of the treatment from those who do not.
Methods
Two-hundred-forty-seven patients diagnosed with alcohol or substance use disorder and completed voluntary inpatient detoxification treatment were included in the study. The Addiction Profile Index-Clinical Form (API-C) is an easy-to-apply scale that evaluates different dimensions of addiction in people with alcohol and substance use disorders, measures the severity of addiction and mental health problems in clinical practice. Baseline API-C forms were filled in upon hospitalization. Relapse was assessed through routine follow-up interviews. All patients were followed-up at least 3 months or until they relapsed. Twenty-eight variables derived from API-C were used by Support Vector Machine algorithm to predict the classes which individuals belong (relapse vs not-relapse). The classification was performed after selecting the most discriminant features via recursive feature selection and repeated-nested cross validation (CV)(5-fold CV in the inner fold and 5-fold CV repeated 5 times in the outer fold) was used to ascertain generalizability. Accuracy of the prediction, sensitivity and specificity were calculated as outcome measures.
Results
40.5% of the patients (n=100) relapsed to alcohol or substance use within the first three months. Relapse vs not-relapse classification was resulted in 65% accuracy, 64% sensitivity and 62% specificity.
Conclusions
This study represents an initial step towards a personalized approach to determine vulnerable patients to relapse early in the alcohol and substance use disorder treatment.
INITIATING AND MAINTAINING FACTORS, SOURCES OF SUBSTANCES AND BARRIERS FOR SEEKING HELP IN PHYSICIANS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER – A QUALITATIVE STUDY
- Darshan Shadakshari (India)
Abstract
Objectives
To understand factors leading to initiation and maintenance of substance use, sources of substance and barriers in seeking treatment in physicians with substance use disorder(SUD)
Methods
Qualitative in-depth interviews of 21 physicians receiving treatment from a tertiary care addiction medicine centre for their SUD were conducted and, based on the transcripts from the interview after coding and recoding, through inductive content analysis, themes and subthemes were identified.
Results
Various factors elicited in the study are as follows. Factors leading to initiation of substance use included physical symptoms, adjustment disorder, sleep disturbances and ease of access to drugs. Maintaining factors were persistent stressors at work and home, a perceived need for drugs for optimum functioning and ease of access to drugs. Sources for substances included pharmacy, operating room, intensive care units, medical representatives and wholesale retailers, and illicit drug dealers. Barriers in seeking treatment were denial, overestimation of control, stigma, lack of awareness, time and financial constraints, perceived lack of support and ease of access to substance
Conclusions
Physicians have additional unique factors with regards to initiation and maintenance of SUD as well as sources of substance and barriers for seeking help in comparison to the general population. Specific intervention strategies are necessary to including programmes to monitor the prescription of drugs to minimize diversion and ease of access at hospitals and pharmacies are necessary and education of physicians to enhance physician knowledge regarding SUD to reduce stigma and increase the utilization of treatment resources
PHYSICAL EXERTION AT WORK AND ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS: TOBACCO, CANNABIS, ALCOHOL, SUGAR AND FAT CONSUMPTION: LONGITUDINAL ANALYSES IN THE CONSTANCES COHORT
- Nadine M. Hamieh (France)
Abstract
Objectives
Difficult working conditions could be associated with addictive behaviors. This study examines the prospective association of physical exertion at work with risk of tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use and sugar and fat consumption.
Methods
Volunteers of the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort currently employed were included from 2012 to 2017 for tobacco and cannabis outcomes (n=100,612), and from 2012 to 2016 for alcohol and sugar and fat outcomes since these data were not available in 2017 (n=75,414). High level of physical exertion at work was defined as a score ≥12 at the Rating Perceived Exertion Borg scale. Substance use was self-reported and patterns of sugar and fat intakes were obtained from qualitative FFQ principal component analyses. Generalized linear models were conducted to calculate the Odds-ratios (OR) of baseline physical exertion at work with tobacco, cannabis, alcohol use and sugar and fat consumption at follow-up adjusting for sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms and baseline level of consumption.
Results
High physical exertion was associated with tobacco use: increased odd of relapse in former smokers (OR=1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.02-1.24), and increased by 5 cigarettes/day among current smokers (OR=1.54, 95%CI:1.33-1.78) with dose-dependent relationships (P for trend<0.0001). It was also associated with increased frequency of cannabis use (OR=1.31, 95%CI:1.03-1.66) and high sugar and fat consumption (OR=1.13, 95%CI:1.07-1.18).
Conclusions
High physical exertion at work was positively associated with subsequent tobacco and cannabis use and sugar and fat consumption. These associations should be considered when designing preventive strategies regarding poor health outcomes associated with physical exertion at work.
GAMING ADDICTION AND POOR SLEEP QUALITY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM PAKISTAN
- Fauzia Arain (United States of America)
Abstract
Objectives
Burgeoning scientific literature on gaming addiction indicates that its an on-going consequential problem with negative impact on multiple aspects of individuals’ psychological and physical health. However, the literary evidence on gaming addiction in Pakistan has been published on a very small-scale. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of emerging gaming addiction & its impact on quality of sleep in the adult population of Pakistan.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among participants that were sampled using convenience sampling technique. An online survey comprising of demographic variables, the Gaming Addiction Scale (GAS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was completed by a total of 618 participants (67.5% male) aged 18 to 56 years (M=24.53 years, SD= ±5.016).
Results
Out of 618 respondents, 352 played games (57.0%). Of the gamers, 12.5% were classified as addicted to the gaming (n=44) based on GAS scores. Compared to those not addicted to gaming, participants with gaming addiction had significantly poorer subjective sleep quality, higher sleep disturbance, lesser sleep duration, and higher daytime dysfunction. Gaming addiction was also more prevalent among males compared to females.
Conclusions
Results reflected that Gaming addiction is a significant issue in the adult population of Pakistan having remarkable association with poor sleep quality. Researchers from Pakistan, must be encouraged to produce more reliable evidence related to gaming addiction to gauge the extent of this issue & have an in-depth understanding of its implications.