Obesity and High body mass index are associated with a higher risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Leptin is a peptide hormone produced predominantly by adipocytes that is elevated in obese individuals. The main function of leptin is to regulate body weight and appetite. Leptin may play a role in carcinogenesis of many cancers including RCC. We aimed to investigate the role of leptin Receptor gene (A/G) polymorphism (rs1137101) in RCC.
This study was carried out by cooperation between Clinical Oncology & Nuclear Medicine, Medical Biochemistry and Internal Medicine Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University in the period from May 2015 to April 2017. It was conducted on 123 individuals classified into; group I: included 73 patients with histological diagnosis of RCC and group II: 50 healthy control subjects. For RCC patients Staging was done according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition, stage IV patients received SUTENT® (sunitinib malate) as first line treatment. Genotyping of the Gln223Arg (rs1137101) A/G polymorphism was measured by Real-Time PCR and compared between both groups and correlated with different patients, disease characteristics and survival.
This study included 66 males and 57 females, the mean age 58.65 + 8.62. The results of this study revealed that there was a significant statistical difference as regards genotype frequency of LEPR gene A/G polymorphism between the two studied groups, with the highest frequency of GG genotype among RCC patients (67.1%), while AA genotype had the highest frequency in the control group (60%); (p < 0.001). In RCC patients with GG genotype is associated with more advanced stage (stage III and IV) (46.9%) compared to GA & AA genotypes (12.5%), and higher nuclear grade G3 (28.5%) compared to GA, AA genotypes (4.2%). GG genotype has worse survival versus GA and AA genotypes; p value <0.001.
Leptin Receptor gene (A/G) polymorphism (rs1137101) might be a candidate risk factor for developing RCC. In RCC patients with GG genotype is associated with more advanced stage and higher nuclear grade and shorter survival compared with patients with GA & AA genotypes.
Menoufia University
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All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.