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O065 - INCREASE OF INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE IN CHILDREN TEMPORALLY ASSOCIATED WITH RSV OUTBREAK: A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS (ID 860)
Abstract
Background
Background. Following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, IPD incidence markedly decreased in all age groups from spring of 2020 to the summer of 2021, concomitantly with a quasi-disappearance of respiratory viruses. During fall 2021, a surge of IPD was observed among children in Quebec. We aimed to assess the temporal association of this increase with respiratory viruses’ dynamics.
Methods
Methods. We conducted an interrupted time-series analysis using IPD and respiratory viruses surveillance data from January 2013 to January 2022 in Quebec, focusing on epidemiological changes occurring since 2020. Monthly IPD rates were analyzed by segmented quasi-Poisson regression adjusted for seasonality, using monthly number of positive tests for RSV, influenza, parainfluenza 1 to 4, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and coronavirus as explanatory variables. A sensitivity analysis considering the proportion of positive tests for the different respiratory viruses was also conducted.
Results
Results. We included 7,669 IPD cases. In children < 5 years of age, the IPD increase in the fall 2021 was temporally associated with a major RSV outbreak. The fraction of the IPD increase in 2021 attributable to RSV dynamics was 77% (95%CI [33; 100]). Sensitivity analysis provided similar respults. By contrast in adults, the monthly IPD incidence, which remained low over the same period, was temporally associated with influenza dynamics.
Conclusions
Conclusion. Respiratory viral infections may trigger invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Our results suggest a differential role of RSV and influenza on IPD risk in children and adults. Besides pneumococcal vaccines, influenza and future RSV vaccines could play a role in IPD prevention.