Presenter of 2 Presentations
ASSESSMENT OF EXPOSURE AND ADAPTATION OF COASTAL MILLION-CITIES IN AFRICA TO SEA LEVEL RISE IMPACTS
Hall A
Abstract
Abstract Body
There are many environmental and socio-economic issues that face African settlements, especially the big cities. The study aims to identify the highly exposed cities to sea level rise (SLR) impacts to recommend suitable adaptation strategies. The exposure analysis is based on some characteristics of every city; population, area, density, elevation, and importance. Due to high changes in global climate and social circumstances accordingly, there are twenty-four million-cities in the coastal zone (from the shoreline to +20 above sea) of Africa are exposed to SLR threats (i.e. coastal flooding, erosion, storms, saltwater intrusion). The strategic spatial planning of these cities should have a group of selected SR adaptation strategies that appropriate to the circumstances of every city. This process is an essential part of an integrated framework to support their resilience against different SLR threats. Furthermore, proactive adaptation is economical and effective than reactive adaptation. Accommodation strategy is very urgent to redesign the building and the infrastructure to adapt to the raised SLR rate by the precise supervision of local authorities. Protection strategy is required for high-density areas, the hard works could be used in front of severe waves, while soft works could be used in high tides or weak waves that create wide and eco-beaches. Avoid strategy or do nothing is an appropriate strategy for the highly exposed open-spaces. Retreat strategy could be used when the cost of protection is higher than the value of the assets. All of the adaptation work is shared between the social and governmental parts. The developers and designers are well trained and aware of all changes. Moreover, it should do a frequent reassessment of SLR hazards every seven years to be updated with changes.
SUSTAINING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IDENTITY IN NORTH EGYPT BY FACING THE CHALLENGES ON BURULLUS LAKE
Hall A
Abstract
Abstract Body
North Egypt is featured environmentally by four coastal lakes. As Burullus Lake, one of these lakes, has many ecological and cultural values, it has rare and sensitive landscape and seascape elements. Accordingly, it has characterized by a unique identity socially and environmentally. In the coming future, the lake might be existed from the category of protected areas, if the current deterioration continues with the same trend. Moreover, it might be disappeared, and the environmental identity in North Egypt might be diminished. By addressing the constrains that could decrease the probability of the lake's existence, the research aims to develop a group of sustained actions associated with some recommendations to protect the sensitive environment of the lake. Finding deteriorations from field visits should be considered in management planning for the lake's sustainability to be considered by decision-makers. To restore the health of the lake, it should be taking action to protect the habitats and green economic opportunities. The proposed solutions are empowering actions, which focus on the engagement of civil bodies and social participation. The wetlands protection builds on changing the unsustainable practices, which an opportunity to mainstreaming the environmental identity, which aims to inactive the encroachment and pollution in the lake's water and its surrounding wetlands. Finally, the study recommends with a group of considerations, through the investigated study, to be a concern for a wider application on the distinctive environmental features.