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- Miguel Saenz De Pipaon (Spain)
EFFECT OF DONOR HUMAN MILK ON MICROBIOTA
- Maximo Vento (Spain)
Abstract
Abstract Body
Preterm microbial colonization is affected by gestational age, antibiotic treatment, type of birth, but also by type of feeding. Breast milk has been acknowledged as the gold standard for human nutrition. In the absence of their mother’s own milk (MOM), pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) could be the best available alternative due to its similarity to the former.
Objective: was to determine the impact of DHM upon preterm gut microbiota admitted in a referral neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Design: A prospective observational cohort study of 69 neonates <32 weeks of gestation; birth weight 1,500 g. Neonates were classified into 3 groups: MOM, DHM, or formula. Fecal samples were collected when full enteral feeding (defined as 150 cc/kg/day) was achieved. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Results: No differences in microbial diversity and richness were found. Preterm infants fed MOM showed a significantly greater presence of Bifidobacteriaceae and lower of Staphylococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Pasteurellaceae compared to preterm fed DHM. Preterm infants fed DHM showed closer microbial profiles to preterm fed their MOM. Inferred metagenomic analyses showed a higher presence of Bifidobacterium genus in the mother’s milk group was related to enrichment in the Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism pathway that was not identified in the DHM or in the formula-fed groups.
Conclusion: DHM favors an intestinal microbiome more similar to MOM than formula despite the differences between MOM and DHM. This may have potential beneficial long-term effects on intestinal functionality, immune system, and metabolic activities.
COLONIZATION OF PRETERM INFANT GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
- Miguel Saenz De Pipaon (Spain)
Abstract
Abstract Body
Preterm infants admitted at NICU are initially colonized by homogeneous microbial communities, most of them from the nosocomial environment, which subsequently evolve according to the individual conditions. Our results demonstrate the hospital epidemiology pressure, particularly during outbreak situations, on the gut microbiota establishing process. In short-term hospitalization, length is by far the determinant factor for the early colonization of preterm infants. As nasogastric enteral feeding tubes populations reflect the bacterial populations that are colonizing the preterm in a precise moment, their knowledge could be useful to prevent the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant strains. Intestinal dominance by Serratia spp. plays a role in outbreaks and extraintestinal spread.
We evaluate efficacy of Infloran™ probiotic preparation in reducing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) in extremely preterm infants. The period of probiotic administration was associated with an increased incidence of NEC after adjusting for neonatal factors, with a reduction in the LOS rate.
Infants received Bifidobacterium breve PS12929 and Lactobacillus salivarius PS12934. Phylum Firmicutes dominated in nearly all fecal samples while L. salivarius PS12934 was detected in all the infants at numerous sample collection points and B. breve PS12929 appeared in five fecal samples. Probiotic supplementation with L. salivarius PS11603 and B. longum PS10402 enhanced an earlier colonization of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in preterm infants’ guts in 5 and 1 week respectively. A higher number of infants were colonized by Lactobacilli with the probiotics’ intake at the end of the study.
Oral administration of human insulin modifies the gut microbiota in preterm infants.