Valerio Chiurchiu, Italy

IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation
Dr Valerio Chiurchiù is a young Principal Investigator and head of the Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation at the European Center for Brain Research of Santa Lucia Foundation in Rome. He received his PhD from the University of Rome and he pursued his postdoctoral studies in the laboratories of Dr. Luca Battistini and of Prof. Mauro Maccarrone in the fields of Neuroimmunology and Biochemistry. He joined as a post-doc the lab of Prof. Jacobsson at the University of Stockholm and of Prof. Charles Serhan in Harvard Medical School. In 2016 he received the position of Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Campus Bio-medico University of Rome and in 2020 He obtained the permanent position of laboratory director at the Institute of Translational Pharmacology of CNR of Rome. Dott. Chiurchiù and his team study the immunomodulatory role of bioactive lipids on immune cell populations in both health and disease, with particular focus on the novel field of "Resolution of inflammation". His studies have contributed to the discovery of the physiological role of the newly characterized specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in adaptive immunity and their impairment in neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative diseases. For his research he received several prestigious awards.

Presenter of 1 Presentation

Third Prize MAI AWARD Winner PRO-RESOLVING LIPID MEDIATORS IN THE RESOLUTION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: NOVEL PATHOGENIC IMPLICATIONS FOR AUTOIMMUNITY AND NEUROINFLAMMATION

Session Type
PARALLEL SESSIONS
Date
31.05.2021, Monday
Session Time
13:30 - 15:30
Room
HALL B
Lecture Time
14:30 - 14:50
Session Icon
Pre Recorded

Abstract

Background and Aims

Chronic neuroinflammation and autoimmunity are key pathological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS) and entail a dysregulation of the natural process to resolve inflammation which is orchestrated by the super-family of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), that include lipoxins (LXs), resolvins (Rvs), protectins (PDs) and maresins (MaRs), that have been shown to modulate critical subsets of autoreactive T cells. Yet the role of resolution of inflammation in multiple sclerosis is still unknown.

Methods

We performed targeted-metabololipidomics in the plasma of healthy donors and MS patients with different clinical forms of disease and we analyzed the expression of SPM biosynthetic enzymes and receptors in leukocytes obtained from MS patients. Furthermore, we investigated the response of key pathogenic cells involved in MS to specifically altered SPMs by means polychromatic flow cytometry and using a primary model of blood brain barrier.

Results

We identified a unique lipid mediator signature associated with MS clinical forms and we reported an impaired plasma production of specific SPMs (e.g. RvD1 and PD1), which were strongly reduced along disease progression. These findings were supported by impaired/altered expression of key SPM biosynthetic enzymes and receptors (e.g. 15-LOX, GRP32, GRP18) in leukocytes of MS patients. Furthermore, RvD1 and PD1 reduced activation and cytokine production from monocytes of MS patients and inhibited inflammation-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction.

Conclusions

Overall, we here provide critical evidence of a failed resolution pathway within the neuro-immune axis in MS, suggesting new insights into its autoimmune pathogenesis and providing innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Hide