Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM) is currently the most precise evaluation of glucose status.Benefits and improvements of glucose control were shown over time.We investigated the evolution of glucose status in type 1 diabetes(T1D) and insulin-treated type 2 diabetes(ITT2D) persons evaluated by CGM, initially and after three months.
We assessed 21 persons:13-T1D,8-ITT2D;10 women,3 men,mean age 35.67±16.69 years(11-65),mean diabetes duration 8.48±5.96 years(0-19).Glucose distribution was assessed by number and percent of glucose values(NGV,%GV),area under the curve of glucose values(AUC),mean glucose values(MGV)on glucose domains(<70 mg/dl,>180 mg/dl,70-180 mg/dl,90-130 mg/dl).We measured HbA1c,body weight,body mass index(BMI),abdominal circumference(CA),total daily insulin dose(TDI),total daily carbohydrates intake(TDCH) and we performed CGM,initially and after three months.
HbA1c was reduced significantly(S) from 8.56% to 7,4% and decreased in both T1D and ITT2D groups(S).MGV decreased(close to significance-CS).%GV>180 decreased(S),%GV<70,%GV70-180,%GV90-130 increased non-significantly(NS).Total AUC,decreased(NS);hourlyAUC decreased(CS);AUC>180,decreased(NS);AUC<70,increased(CS);AUC 70-180 and AUC 90-130 increased(NS);%AUC>180 decreased(S) and %AUC 70-180 increased(CS);diurnal AUC and nocturnal AUC decreased(NS);hourly diurnal AUC and hourly nocturnal AUC decreased(CS).TDI,insulin dose per kilogram of body weight and TDCH decreased(NS),body weight and BMI did not differ,AC decreased(NS).In ITT2D,%GV<70 and AUC<70 increased(CS),insulin dose decreased (NS),TDCH increased(S),body weight and AC increased(NS).In T1D,AUC 70-180 increased(S),TDCH decreased(S),body weight and BMI did not differ,AC decreased(S).
Following CGM intervention,more glucose values(%GV) and exposure(AUC) decreased under 180 mg/dl and more evident in T1D.Daily carbohydrate intake and abdonimal circumference decreased in T1D.More hypoglycemic values(<70mg/dl) were observed in ITT2D,although non-significant.Daily carbohydrate intake increased significantly in ITT2D,probably due to increase of hypoglycemia.