Hermona Soreq was trained at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv University, The Weizmann Institute of Science and the Rockefeller University. At The Hebrew University, she holds a Slesinger Chair in Molecular Neuroscience, is a founding member of the Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences and served as the elected Dean of the Faculty of Science from 2005-2008. Soreq pioneered and leads the application of molecular biology and genomics to the study of acetylcholine signaling, with a recent focus on the regulatory role in cholinergic signaling and the ‘changing of the guards’ concept whereby microRNAs are replaced by transfer RNA fragment controllers in states of acute need for urgent responses; and finds differences in these regulators between men and women brains. Soreq is the elected head of the International Organization of Cholinergic Mechanisms. She has authored hundreds of publications (with 58 in Science, Nature, PNAS, Neuron, EMBO Molecular Medicine and Molecular Psychiatry), was awarded Honorary PhDs in Stockholm, Erlangen and Ben Gurion University and won Teva, Rappaport and Psychoneuroimmunology prizes, the ILANIT-Katzir Prize for outstanding research achievements in the Life Sciences and the Alexander von Humboldt foundation, UC Berkeley and the Berlin NeuroCure center fellowships.