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INFLAMMASOME MEDIATED NEURONAL-MICROGLIAL CROSSTALK: A THERAPEUTIC SUBSTRATE IN C9ORF72-FTD/ALS.
Abstract
Aims
Intronic G4C2 hexanucleotide repeat expansions of C9orf72 are the most common cause of familial variants of frontotemporal dementia / amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD/ALS). Neuroinflammation is hypothesized to be a driving factor in the disease course; microglia activation is present prior to symptom onset and persists throughout the disease.
Methods
Here, we establish the contributions of NLRP3 and NLRC4 inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of FTD/ALS, resulting from a stress-induced neuronal-microglial crosstalk feedforward loop. In a mouse model of c9FTD/ALS, inflammasome-mediated inflammation was increased with microglial and caspase-1 activation.
Results
Here, we report that treatment with a microbiome-derived phenolic metabolite, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (3-HBA), attenuated inflammasome-dependent inflammation, behavioral deficits, and neurodegeneration by targeting NLRP3 and NLRC4 inflammasome responses. Furthermore, genetic ablation of Nlrp3attenuated behavioral deficits and prevented neurodegeneration, ultimately improving survival.
Conclusions
These findings establish the integral role inflammasome-mediated innate immunity in c9FTD/ALS pathogenesis, and identify a novel treatment strategy with a diet-derived phenolic metabolite to rescue pathologies associated with FTD/ALS.