Seoul National University College of Medicine
Pediatrics

Presenter of 1 Presentation

DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF NONPHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTIONS ON PEDIATRIC INVASIVE BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

Session Type
Oral Presentations
Date
Wed, 23.02.2022
Session Time
11:15 AM - 12:15 PM
Room
Sala B
Session Icon
Pre-Recorded with Live Q&A
Lecture Time
11:15 AM - 11:25 AM

Abstract

Background

Invasive bacterial infection (IBI) remains a major burden of mortality and morbidity in children. As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged, stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were applied worldwide.

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of NPIs on the epidemiological change in pediatric IBI in Korea.

Methods

From January 2018 to December 2020, surveillance for pediatric IBIs caused by nine pathogens was maintained at 22 hospitals throughout Korea. Annual incidence rates of the IBIs were compared by pathogen and before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

A total of 655 cases were identified and the annual incidence was 196.2 cases per 100,000 in-patients in 2018, 170.8 in 2019, and 172.4 in 2020. The median age was 10.0 months (range, 0-226 months). Most common pathogen by age group was S. agalactiae in infants <3 months of age (46.6%), S. aureus in 3 – <24 months of age (36.8%), Salmonella spp. in 24 – <60 months of age (34.3%), S. aureus in children ≥5 years of age (60.4%). Compared to 2018-2019, the incidence rate in 2020 decreased by 55% for invasive pneumococcal disease (26.6 vs. 11.5 per 100,000 in-patients, p=0.014) and by 59% for Salmonella spp. infection (22.8 vs. 9.4 per 100,000 in-patients, p=0.018). In contrast, no significant changes were observed in invasive infections due to S. aureus, S. agalactiae, and E. coli during the study period.

Conclusions

The NPIs implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced invasive diseases caused by S. pneumoniae and Salmonella spp., but not S. aureus, S. agalactiae, and E. coli in children.

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