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Improving Stroke Systems of Care in LMIC: Sri Lanka
Abstract
Abstract Body
Sri Lanka is a South Asian country in the lower-middle income category. Noncommunicable diseases account for 71% of all annual deaths, and stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Current demographic and epidemiological transitions are likely to lead to a large increase in an already high burden of stroke in the community.
Significant gaps exist in the quality of available stroke care. Developments in modern stroke care have been slow due to a lack of human resources and infrastructure facilities. Most patients with acute stroke are treated in state-sector hospitals where facilities for modern stroke care are limited. Neurologists are limited in number, and acute stroke care is largely provided by general physicians. Stroke units, neuroimaging, thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, neurosurgical care and rehabilitation services are all limited in varying degrees across the country, although there are encouraging trends in the development of these. Prehospital stroke care and community support services are virtually nonexistent.
There is a clear need for improving stroke systems of care in Sri Lanka. Clinical audits have demonstrated the capacity of basic stroke units to deliver good acute care despite resource constraints. The National Stroke Association of Sri Lanka is playing a key role in creating public awareness. Sri Lanka, with its high literacy rates, free health care system and excellent primary health care coverage is well positioned to face the challenge of improving stroke systems of care. More research data is needed to guide strategies to minimise the burden of stroke in the country.