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STROKE IN COVID-19-POSITIVE PATIENTS: HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS
Abstract
Background and Aims
Аccording to WHO as of 17 May 2021, there have been 162 704 139 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 3 374 052 deaths in the world. The last updated on May 17, 2021 for Ukraine indicates that coronavirus cases were 2,156,000 and deaths were 48,184. Stroke is the most difficult neurological disorder associated with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to assess the histopathological findings of the brain tissue in patients who died from complications of COVID-19 and stroke.
Methods
All patients died in Lviv regional and city hospitals from complications of COVID-19 and had a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 detected by qRT-PCR reaction. Patients were autopsied between March 2020 and May 2021, information from the autopsy protocol included macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of brain and general autopsy findings. We used common histological methods of staining with hematoxylin and eosin.
Results
The post-mortem study included 89 cases. The patients had a median age of 67 years (range, 21-97 years), 53,93% men (n=48). The majority of patients (60,67%, n=54) had hypertension, while 29 (32,58%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The large vessel ischemic strokes with colliquation necrosis, inflammation infiltrates, acute hypoxic neurons and marked edema diagnosed in 3 (3,37%) COVID-19 patients, without prior history of stroke, 2 (2,25%) COVID-19 patients had evidence of intracranial hemorrhage, one of intracranial hemorrhages occurred as a secondary transformation of an ischemic infarct.
Conclusions
Stroke is the difficult neurological disorder associated with COVID-19, hypertension and diabetes are risk factors for severe COVID-19 course or poor outcome.