Author Of 1 Presentation
P0736 - NMOSD incidence and prevalence estimates in Western Mexico (ID 1568)
Abstract
Background
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of autoimmune central nervous system disorders clinically and radiologically defined. NMOSD incidence and prevalence studies in non Caucasian populations are scarce.
Objectives
To describe clinical characteristics, as well as incidence and prevalence estimates of NMOSD in a region in Western Mexico.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort, patients diagnosed with NMOSD cared for in a third level hospital (Western Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security – IMSS –) in western Mexico (Jalisco state) were identified through the digital medical record of the IMSS (all IMSS-affiliated patients in Jalisco are referred to this hospital when a demyelinating disease is suspected). The incidence rate was calculated for the period January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, and prevalence for the date December 31, 2019, regarding the total IMSS-affiliated population in Jalisco state.
Results
We identified 71 patients fulfilling 2015 NMOSD international diagnostic criteria. All patients were Mexican mestizos, 76.1% women. The median age at diagnosis was 38.11 years old. The most common clinical presentation at onset of disease was optic neuritis (19.7% unilateral optic neuritis, 28.2% bilateral optic neuritis), followed by transverse myelitis (23.9%) and area postrema syndrome (8.5%). Median EDSS was 4.12 (0-8.5). 53.5% of patients had a positive AQP-4 IgG, while 12.7% had a negative result and 33.8% had an unknown AQP-4 IgG status. The reported incidence rate is 3.08 /1,000,000 person-years and prevalence 1.17/100,000.
Conclusions
This is the first NMOSD incidence rate reported in Mexico, and represents a higher incidence as compared to caucasian population studies. Prevalence is similar to that previously reported in another region of Mexico and several epidemiological studies.