Author Of 2 Presentations
P0696 - Characteristics of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Positive Children with Demyelinating Disorders (ID 1565)
Abstract
Background
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (ab) are detected in approximately 1/3 of children with demyelinating disease at onset; presentations commonly overlap with optic neuritis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Serum MOG-ab titers have unclear relevance to disease course, and optimal treatment strategy is unknown.
Objectives
We aimed to characterize children with CNS demyelinating disorders who tested positive for MOG-ab. We also aimed to evaluate the relevance of serum MOG-ab titers for diagnosis, risk and severity of subsequent demyelinating events. Finally, we aimed to evaluate treatment strategies for MOG-ab positive children.
Methods
This retrospective study evaluated children with demyelinating disorders with onset before 18 years of age seen at the University of California, San Francisco who tested positive for MOG-ab (tested by live cell-based fluorescent activated cell sorting assay at Mayo Clinic) between October 2006-June 2020. Demographic information, clinical presentation at onset, MRI, CSF, brain biopsy, and treatment data were collected by chart review.
Results
Sixty children were included (mean onset age 8.2 years; 53% female; 72% white; 40% Hispanic or Latino). The most common clinical localization at onset included optic nerve (ON) (53%) and/or brainstem/cerebellum (42%). 83% of initial events were severe. Median EDSS assessed within 6 months of onset was 1.5 (range 0-4). 81% of initial brain MRIs had T2 bright lesions and 61% had gadolinium-enhancing lesions; T2 bright lesions were most commonly seen in subcortical areas (50%) and/or brainstem/cerebellum (33%). Oligoclonal bands were positive in 17% of initial CSF. 57% had initial serum MOG-ab titers ≥1:100 (median time from onset to first titer 15.4 months). Titers ≥1:320 were only observed within 2 months of an event (disease onset or relapse). While 38% had no relapses (mean follow-up 1.42 years), those who did had a median of 2 relapses (mean follow-up 3.83 years). The most commonly used treatments were interferon beta (28%) and rituximab (27%). Brain biopsy was performed in 2 patients and showed overt demyelination and prominent infiltration of monocyte lineage and polymorphonuclear cells.
Conclusions
The most common clinical onset localizations in MOG-ab positive children were ON and brainstem/cerebellum. Higher MOG-ab titers were only observed close to a clinical event.
P1135 - Risk factors for peripartum depression in women with multiple sclerosis (ID 1419)
Abstract
Background
Peripartum depression (PPD), i.e. depression in late pregnancy to 1 year postpartum, occurs in 7-19% of women. There are limited data on PPD in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objectives
To evaluate the prevalence of PPD in women with MS, and to evaluate risk factors for PPD in MS, both factors associated with PPD in the general population, as well as disease-related factors.
Methods
We performed retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical data. Women with MS followed at UCSF MS Center who became pregnant from 2015-2018 were identified in the electronic medical record. The primary outcome was PPD determined by clinical record review. Prevalence of PPD was estimated with logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE), accounting for women with multiple pregnancies. Univariable analyses with GEE logistic regression evaluated predictors of PPD (age, marital status, parity, delivery season, prematurity, birth weight, delivery mode, premorbid depression/anxiety, antidepressant discontinuation, sleep disturbance, breastfeeding). Factors significant in univariable analyses were included in multivariable analysis. GEE logistic regression evaluated association between inflammatory disease activity (relapses in pregnancy/postpartum; gadolinium enhancing lesions postpartum), disease severity (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS) and PPD.
Results
We identified 143 pregnancies (age 33.1+/-4.7 years; 93% relapsing remitting MS, 7% clinically isolated syndrome; 45% premorbid depression) in 111 women who had live birth outcomes and known PPD status. PPD was present in 12.6% (95% CI 7.3-17.8) of pregnancies. In univariable analyses, statistically significant factors associated with PPD included older age (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.32 for 1-year increase), primiparity (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.14-14.23), premorbid depression (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.27-10.01), postpartum sleep disturbance (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.17-8.91) and breastfeeding difficulty (OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.27-10.08). Maternal age (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.34), primiparity (OR 8.10, 95% CI 1.38-47.40) and premorbid depression (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.04-14.60) remained associated with PPD in multivariable analyses. Relapses, MRI activity and EDSS were not associated with PPD.
Conclusions
PPD in MS was similar to the general population, but was likely underestimated due to lack of standardized screening. PPD could influence maternal self-management of MS. Prospective evaluation with screening for PPD is needed.
Presenter Of 1 Presentation
P1135 - Risk factors for peripartum depression in women with multiple sclerosis (ID 1419)
Abstract
Background
Peripartum depression (PPD), i.e. depression in late pregnancy to 1 year postpartum, occurs in 7-19% of women. There are limited data on PPD in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objectives
To evaluate the prevalence of PPD in women with MS, and to evaluate risk factors for PPD in MS, both factors associated with PPD in the general population, as well as disease-related factors.
Methods
We performed retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical data. Women with MS followed at UCSF MS Center who became pregnant from 2015-2018 were identified in the electronic medical record. The primary outcome was PPD determined by clinical record review. Prevalence of PPD was estimated with logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE), accounting for women with multiple pregnancies. Univariable analyses with GEE logistic regression evaluated predictors of PPD (age, marital status, parity, delivery season, prematurity, birth weight, delivery mode, premorbid depression/anxiety, antidepressant discontinuation, sleep disturbance, breastfeeding). Factors significant in univariable analyses were included in multivariable analysis. GEE logistic regression evaluated association between inflammatory disease activity (relapses in pregnancy/postpartum; gadolinium enhancing lesions postpartum), disease severity (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS) and PPD.
Results
We identified 143 pregnancies (age 33.1+/-4.7 years; 93% relapsing remitting MS, 7% clinically isolated syndrome; 45% premorbid depression) in 111 women who had live birth outcomes and known PPD status. PPD was present in 12.6% (95% CI 7.3-17.8) of pregnancies. In univariable analyses, statistically significant factors associated with PPD included older age (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.32 for 1-year increase), primiparity (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.14-14.23), premorbid depression (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.27-10.01), postpartum sleep disturbance (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.17-8.91) and breastfeeding difficulty (OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.27-10.08). Maternal age (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.34), primiparity (OR 8.10, 95% CI 1.38-47.40) and premorbid depression (OR 3.89, 95% CI 1.04-14.60) remained associated with PPD in multivariable analyses. Relapses, MRI activity and EDSS were not associated with PPD.
Conclusions
PPD in MS was similar to the general population, but was likely underestimated due to lack of standardized screening. PPD could influence maternal self-management of MS. Prospective evaluation with screening for PPD is needed.