Author Of 4 Presentations
P0037 - Change in serum neurofilament light chain levels: ENSEMBLE 1-year interim results (ID 945)
Abstract
Background
Early treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) provides significant long-term benefits. The aim of the Phase IIIb ENSEMBLE study (NCT03085810) is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab (OCR) in patients with early-stage relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a marker of neuroaxonal injury. OCR reduced elevated NfL levels in patients with relapsing MS and primary progressive MS to those of healthy donors in the OPERA and ORATORIO studies over 96 weeks. NfL levels are assessed yearly in ENSEMBLE.
Objectives
To report 1-year NfL analyses from ENSEMBLE.
Methods
Treatment-naive patients with a diagnosis of early-stage RRMS (age, 18–55 years inclusive; Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score ≤3.5) per 2010 revised McDonald criteria and a disease duration from the first documented clinical attack consistent with MS disease of ≤3 years and ≥1 clinically reported relapse or ≥1 sign of MRI activity within 12 months of enrollment were included. Patients will receive OCR 600 mg every 24 weeks (first dose, 2×300 mg separated by 14 days) for the 192-week treatment period (maximum 8 doses). Serum NfL levels are measured via the Simoa Quanterix Advantage kit.
Results
A total of 582 patients were included in the NfL evaluation (female, 64.3%; mean [SD]: age, 32.4 [9.2] years; baseline EDSS, 1.70 [0.96]; time since MS symptom onset, 1.08 [0.84] years) with characteristics comparable with the overall population (N=678). The median serum NfL level at baseline was 13.20 pg/mL; 81.8% of patients had levels greater than healthy donors (HDs; 7.1 pg/mL). Median NfL levels at baseline in patients stratified by age, gender and EDSS score were consistent with those of the overall population. The highest median NfL levels at baseline were observed in patients with T1-weighted contrast-enhancing lesions (CELs) at screening (18.71 pg/mL; n=260) and relapses within 3 months of enrollment (14.91 pg/mL; n=217). At Week 48 the median serum NfL level was reduced to 6.35 pg/mL; 60.8% of patients had levels comparable to or lower than the HD level. Decreases in median serum NfL levels were observed, independent of the baseline demographics and disease characteristics of age, gender, EDSS score, CELs, relapses and reason for enrollment.
Conclusions
NfL levels at baseline and patterns of change over 48 weeks were in line with previous evaluations and decreased considerably after 1 year of treatment with ocrelizumab.
P0219 - Ocrelizumab Phase IIIb efficacy from CASTING: 2-year NEDA (MRI re-baselined) subgroup rates in RRMS patients with a suboptimal response to prior DMTs (ID 974)
Abstract
Background
Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) often experience disease activity despite receiving a disease-modifying therapy (DMT). The Phase IIIb CASTING study (NCT02861014) of ocrelizumab evaluated the efficacy/safety in patients with RRMS who had a prior suboptimal response to one or two DMTs (primary endpoint: 2-year no evidence of disease activity [NEDA] rate).
Objectives
To evaluate CASTING 2-year NEDA outcomes by inclusion criteria, baseline characteristics and prior DMT.
Methods
Patients (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score ≤4.0; discontinued prior DMT of ≥6 months’ duration due to suboptimal disease control) received intravenous ocrelizumab 600 mg every 24 weeks for 96 weeks. The primary endpoint of NEDA (with prespecified MRI re-baselining at Week 8) was defined as absence of: protocol-defined relapses, 24-week confirmed disability progression, T1‑weighted contrast-enhancing and new/enlarging T2-weighted lesions over 2 years.
Results
A total of 680 patients were evaluated (female, 64%; mean [SD] baseline EDSS score, 2.1 [1.1]; pretreated with one or two DMTs, including orals and injectables, n=411 [60.4%]/n=269 [39.6%]; enrolled due to activity of: MRI only, n=167 [24.6%]; relapse only, n=238 [35.0%]; MRI and relapse, n=275 [40.4%]). After 2 years, 74.8% (n/N=492/658) of patients had NEDA (with MRI re-baselined at Week 8). The NEDA rate was highest among patients enrolled due to MRI activity alone (80.6%) versus enrollment for relapse (75.1%) or relapse with MRI (70.5%). NEDA rates across disease-related subgroups were highest in the subgroups of baseline EDSS score <2.5 (77.2%), ≤1 relapse prior to enrollment (78.2%) and the event leading to enrollment occurring ≥6 months prior to study entry (75.8%) versus the counterpart subgroups of EDSS score ≥2.5 (70.8%), >1 relapse prior to enrollment (66.3%) and the event leading to enrollment occurring <6 months prior to entry (71.0%). The NEDA rate did not vary by baseline age (≤40 years, 74.7%; >40 years, 75.0%). NEDA rates were higher in patients receiving one prior DMT (77.6%) versus two prior DMTs (70.3%) and remained generally high when stratified by the last prior DMT received before enrollment: interferons, 81.1%; glatiramer acetate, 73.9%; dimethyl fumarate, 73.8%; teriflunomide 69.8%; fingolimod, 68.9%.
Conclusions
The NEDA rate was high overall and across a wide range of disease-related and demographic subgroups, regardless of prior treatment background.
P0220 - Ocrelizumab Phase IIIb efficacy: 1-year NEDA rates (with MRI re-baselining) from the ENSEMBLE study in early-stage relapsing-remitting MS patients (ID 849)
Abstract
Background
Early treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been shown to provide significant long-term benefits in terms of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score versus delayed treatment (patients switching from placebo to active treatment). ENSEMBLE (NCT03085810) is a Phase IIIb study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab (OCR) in patients with early-stage relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Assessments of effectiveness in ENSEMBLE include composite endpoint measures, e.g. the proportion of patients with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA).
Objectives
To report ENSEMBLE 1-year interim NEDA rates.
Methods
Treatment-naive patients with a diagnosis of early-stage RRMS (age, 18–55 years inclusive; EDSS score ≤3.5) per 2010 revised McDonald criteria and a disease duration from the first documented clinical attack consistent with MS disease of ≤3 years and ≥1 clinically reported relapse or ≥1 sign of MRI activity within 12 months of enrollment were included. Patients received OCR 600 mg every 24 weeks (first dose 2×300 mg separated by 14 days) throughout the 192-week (4-year) treatment period (max 8 doses). Clinical assessments will be conducted every 24 weeks. NEDA is defined as absence of: protocol-defined relapses (PDRs), 24-week confirmed disability progression (24W-CDP), T1-weighted contrast-enhancing (CEL) and new/enlarging T2-weighted (T2w) lesions. The effects of OCR are not immediate. MRI measures were re-baselined at Week 8 (prespecified) so that the calculation of NEDA would reflect a more accurate treatment effect.
Results
A total of 678 patients (female, 64.6%) were enrolled (74.6% of patients based on the presence of reasons of both MS relapse and MRI activity) and analyzed. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics reflected a population with early-stage disease (mean [SD]: age, 32.4 [9.1] years; baseline EDSS, 1.71 [0.95]; time since RRMS diagnosis, 0.36 [0.40] years; time since MS symptom onset, 1.10 [0.84] years). At Week 48 most patients (84.8% [n/N=545/643]) reached NEDA. Most patients were free of PDR (98.1%), 24W-CDP (94.1%), CEL (94.2%; re-baselined) and new/enlarging T2w (95.2%; re-baselined) lesions. NEDA calculated without MRI re-baselining was achieved by 62.1% of patients (n/N=404/651). Safety results were consistent with prior studies.
Conclusions
In ENSEMBLE, the Year 1 NEDA rate with MRI re-baselining was high (84.8%) in patients with early-stage disease. No new safety signals were observed.
P1039 - Improvements in patient-reported SymptoMScreen scores among ocrelizumab-treated patients with RRMS: 2-year results from the CASTING clinical trial (ID 977)
Abstract
Background
SymptoMScreen is a patient-reported outcome tool designed to rapidly assess symptom limitations across 12 symptoms commonly affected in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Each domain is scored on a 7-point Likert scale (0 [not affected] to 6 [total limitation]) and domain scores are summed to calculate a total score ranging from 0 to 72. SymptoMScreen is used in the ongoing, open-label, single-arm, Phase IIIb CASTING clinical trial (NCT02861014).
Objectives
To report 2-year changes in SymptoMScreen scores among patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) from CASTING.
Methods
In CASTING, patients with RRMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score ≤4.0 at screening; disease duration ≤10 years) and a prior suboptimal response to ≥6 months of treatment with one or two disease-modifying therapies (DMTs; including orals and injectables) received intravenous ocrelizumab 600 mg every 24 weeks for 96 weeks. SymptoMScreen was performed at baseline, Week 48 (1-year interim data) and Week 96 (2-year final data).
Results
A total of 680 patients (female, 64%; mean [SD] baseline EDSS score, 2.1 [1.1]) who were previously treated with one (n=414 [60.4%]) or two (n=269 [39.6%]) DMTs were enrolled (most frequently for MRI with relapse activity [40.4%]) and evaluated in the intent-to-treat population; 644 patients completed treatment. Total SymptoMScreen mean (SD) score reflected mild symptom burden at baseline (15.19 [12.67]) and improved significantly through Year 2 (13.62 [12.51]; p<0.001 [p values were not adjusted for multiplicity]). Statistically significant improvements after 2 years were observed for sensory symptoms (Δ-0.28; p<0.001), fatigue (Δ-0.23; p<0.001), vision (Δ-0.21; p<0.001), depression (Δ-0.15; p<0.01) and dizziness (Δ-0.14; p<0.01) domains. Non-significant improvements in symptom burden after 2 years (p>0.05) were observed in walking (Δ-0.1), cognition (Δ-0.10), anxiety (Δ-0.07), bodily pain (Δ-0.05), hand function (Δ-0.03) and bladder control (Δ-0.01), while a non-significant worsening was observed in the spasticity domain (Δ+0.04). The proportion of patients with at least one symptom causing at least moderate limitation (domain score ≥4) decreased from 31.6% at baseline to 26.3% at Year 2.
Conclusions
Patients with RRMS and a suboptimal response to therapy who switched to ocrelizumab experienced an improvement in symptom burden in the majority of SymptoMScreen domains after 2 years, which was most pronounced in sensory, fatigue and vision.