Author Of 3 Presentations
LB1240 - A kappa free light chain index of 6.6 represents an alternative to positive oligoclonal bands in the 2017 McDonald criteria (ID 2125)
- G. Arrambide
- C. Espejo
- R. Dieli
- C. Auger
- M. Castillo
- M. Rodriguez-Barranco
- P. Carbonell-Mirabent
- J. Río
- J. Castilló
- A. Vidal-Jordana
- Í. Galán
- C. Nos
- M. Comabella
- B. Rodríguez-Acevedo
- L. Midaglia
- A. Zabalza
- A. Cobo Calvo
- P. Tagliani
- S. Cárdenas-Robledo
- J. Sastre-Garriga
- A. Rovira
- M. Hernández-González
- X. Montalban
- M. Tintore
Abstract
Background
Oligoclonal bands (OB) are part of the 2017 McDonald criteria but their determination is rater-dependent. Kappa free light chains (KFLC) are determined quantitatively and could be an alternative to OB, but a vendor-specific index cut-off is needed.
Objectives
To compare the proportion of patients with clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) and positive OB and a KFLC index equal or greater than 6.6 (KFLC-6.6, Leurs CE Mult Scler 2020) or 10.61 (KFLC-10.61, Gaetani L J Neuroimmunol 2020). To compare the diagnostic properties of OB, KFLC-6.6 and KFLC-10.61 for 2nd attack and 2017 MRI dissemination in space (DIS) and time (DIT).
Methods
MRIs were obtained 3-5 months after the CIS, at 1 year and every 5 years. OB were determined by isoelectric focusing combined with immunoblotting. We selected 228 patients with sufficient data to assess DIS and DIT, OB determination and enough remnant frozen samples to measure KFLC by turbidimetry (Optilite, The Binding Site). We compared the proportion of patients with positive OB, KFLC-6.6 and KFLC-10.61 and the 3-year diagnostic properties for the following outcomes: 2nd attack (n=179) and MRI DIS and DIT (n=192).
Results
Of all patients, 146 (64.0%) had OB, 147 (65.5%) KFLC-6.6 and 137 (60.1%) KFLC-10.61. In total, 130 (57.0%) had OB and KFLC-6.6, 16 (7.0%) only OB, 17 (7.5%) only KFLC-6.6 and 65 (28.5%) had neither. As for OB and KFLC-10.61, 122 (53.5%) had both, 24 (10.5%) only OB, 15 (6.6%) only KFLC-10.61 and 67 (29.4%) had neither. At baseline, the criteria were fulfilled by patients with OB, KFLC-6.6 and KFLC-10.61 as follows: DIS 109/135 (80.7%), 114 (84.4%) and 106 (78.5%); DIT 70/87 (80.5%), 78 (89.7%) and 74 (85.1%); DIS plus DIT 64/78 (81.2), 71 (91.0%) and 67 (85.9); DIS plus OB 109 (100.0%), 101 (92.7%) and 94 (86.2); and McDonald 111/130 (85.4%), 113 (86.9%) and 106 (81.5%). The diagnostic properties of OB, KFLC-6.6 and KFLC-10.61 for 2nd attack were sensitivity 77.8, 85.6 and 78.0; specificity 44.9, 48.3 and 51.7; and accuracy 61.5, 67.0 and 65.4. Results for MRI DIS plus DIT were sensitivity 81.8, 87.9 and 82.6; specificity 66.7, 70.0 and 73.3; and accuracy 77.1, 82.3 and 79.7.
Conclusions
KFLC-10.61 had the greatest specificity and KFLC-6.6 the best overall diagnostic properties. The results were probably due to the higher proportion of positive KFLC patients with DIT compared to those with positive OB, suggesting KFLC-6.6 could be used as an alternative to OB in the McDonald criteria.
P0220 - Ocrelizumab Phase IIIb efficacy: 1-year NEDA rates (with MRI re-baselining) from the ENSEMBLE study in early-stage relapsing-remitting MS patients (ID 849)
Abstract
Background
Early treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been shown to provide significant long-term benefits in terms of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score versus delayed treatment (patients switching from placebo to active treatment). ENSEMBLE (NCT03085810) is a Phase IIIb study evaluating the effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab (OCR) in patients with early-stage relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Assessments of effectiveness in ENSEMBLE include composite endpoint measures, e.g. the proportion of patients with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA).
Objectives
To report ENSEMBLE 1-year interim NEDA rates.
Methods
Treatment-naive patients with a diagnosis of early-stage RRMS (age, 18–55 years inclusive; EDSS score ≤3.5) per 2010 revised McDonald criteria and a disease duration from the first documented clinical attack consistent with MS disease of ≤3 years and ≥1 clinically reported relapse or ≥1 sign of MRI activity within 12 months of enrollment were included. Patients received OCR 600 mg every 24 weeks (first dose 2×300 mg separated by 14 days) throughout the 192-week (4-year) treatment period (max 8 doses). Clinical assessments will be conducted every 24 weeks. NEDA is defined as absence of: protocol-defined relapses (PDRs), 24-week confirmed disability progression (24W-CDP), T1-weighted contrast-enhancing (CEL) and new/enlarging T2-weighted (T2w) lesions. The effects of OCR are not immediate. MRI measures were re-baselined at Week 8 (prespecified) so that the calculation of NEDA would reflect a more accurate treatment effect.
Results
A total of 678 patients (female, 64.6%) were enrolled (74.6% of patients based on the presence of reasons of both MS relapse and MRI activity) and analyzed. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics reflected a population with early-stage disease (mean [SD]: age, 32.4 [9.1] years; baseline EDSS, 1.71 [0.95]; time since RRMS diagnosis, 0.36 [0.40] years; time since MS symptom onset, 1.10 [0.84] years). At Week 48 most patients (84.8% [n/N=545/643]) reached NEDA. Most patients were free of PDR (98.1%), 24W-CDP (94.1%), CEL (94.2%; re-baselined) and new/enlarging T2w (95.2%; re-baselined) lesions. NEDA calculated without MRI re-baselining was achieved by 62.1% of patients (n/N=404/651). Safety results were consistent with prior studies.
Conclusions
In ENSEMBLE, the Year 1 NEDA rate with MRI re-baselining was high (84.8%) in patients with early-stage disease. No new safety signals were observed.
P0392 - Shorter infusion time of ocrelizumab: results from the ENSEMBLE PLUS study in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (ID 900)
Abstract
Background
Ocrelizumab (OCR) is an intravenously administered anti-CD20 antibody approved for relapsing and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Shortening the infusion duration to 2hrs reduces the total site stay (including mandatory pre-medication/infusion/observation) from 5.5–6hrs, to 4hrs, which may reduce patient and site staff burden.
Objectives
ENSEMBLE PLUS aims to investigate the safety and tolerability of OCR when administered over a shorter infusion time.
Methods
ENSEMBLE PLUS is a randomized, double-blind substudy to the ENSEMBLE study (NCT03085810). In ENSEMBLE, treatment-naïve patients with active, early-stage relapsing-remitting MS (18–55 years; disease duration ≤3 years; EDSS score 0–3.5) receive OCR 600mg infusions every 24 weeks for 192 weeks. In ENSEMBLE PLUS, OCR (600mg) administered over the approved infusion time (3.5hrs; conventional duration), was compared with a 2hr infusion (shorter duration); the infusion duration of the initial 2×300mg dose was unaffected. The frequency and severity of infusion-related reactions (IRRs) were assessed during and 24hrs post-infusion. The ENSEMBLE PLUS primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with IRRs at the first Randomized Dose.
Results
In total, 373 and 372 patients were randomized to the conventional and shorter infusion groups, respectively. At the first Randomized Dose, 99 patients (26.5%) in the conventional and 107 (28.8%) in the shorter infusion group had IRRs (difference in proportions, stratified estimates [95% CI]: 2.4% [-3.8, 8.7]); most common symptoms during the infusion were throat irritation, dysphagia and ear pruritus, whilst 24hrs post-infusion were fatigue, headache and nausea. IRRs led to infusion slowing/temporary interruption in 22 patients (5.9%) in the conventional and 39 (10.5%) in the shorter infusion group. The majority of IRRs were mild or moderate. Across all Randomized Doses, four severe (Grade 3) IRRs occurred in total, one in the conventional and three in the shorter infusion group. Overall, >99% of IRRs resolved without sequelae in both groups. No IRRs were serious, life-threatening or fatal; no IRR-related discontinuations occurred. Adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs were consistent with the known OCR safety profile.
Conclusions
Frequency and severity of IRRs were similar between conventional and shorter infusions. No new safety signals were detected. Shorter ocrelizumab infusions reduce the infusion site stay, thus may reduce patient and staff burden.