Carlos Grijalva (United States of America)
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Health Policy
Dr. Grijalva is a Professor in the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology, Department of Health Policy at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. He maintains appointments at the Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, the Center for Health Services Research, the Institute for Global Health, the Center for Data Science, and the Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center. Dr. Grijalva’s research focuses on the study of medications and their association with serious infections, and the study of vaccine-preventable diseases - especially pneumococcal, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections - and the evaluation of vaccination programs. His research portfolio includes retrospective studies, as well as prospective domestic and international cohort studies that examine the burden of respiratory infections, the interaction between respiratory viruses and bacteria, the impact of vaccination and the transmission of respiratory pathogens within households. His work is funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the Food and Drug Administration, among other sources. He has published more than 240 peer-reviewed articles.

Presenter of 2 Presentations

 Conference Calendar

Emerging populations at risk (ID 58)

Session Name
0660 - Plenary Session 06: Pneumococcal Disease and Prevention in Adults (ID 59)
Session Type
Plenary Session
Date
Wed, 22.06.2022
Session Time
10:30 - 12:00
Room
Grand Ballroom East
Presenter
Lecture Time
11:30 - 12:00

O081 - EVOLVING RISK PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE DURING THE PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE ERA (ID 276)

Session Name
0750 - Parallel Session 10: Pneumococcal Disease and Prevention in Indigenous and Other Populations (ID 64)
Session Type
Parallel Session
Date
Wed, 22.06.2022
Session Time
15:05 - 16:35
Room
Grand Ballroom East
Presenter
Lecture Time
15:30 - 15:40

Abstract

Background

The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to serotypes covered by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has declined since PCVs introductions. Whether the risk profile of IPD cases has changed following PCVs introductions is unclear.

Methods

We examined the comorbidity profile of all laboratory-confirmed IPD cases identified in Tennessee through active population and laboratory-based surveillance (1999-2018). Comorbidities were identified through chart review and classified as high-risk and at-risk (Figure footnote). We examined changes in the proportion of patients with relevant comorbidities over time, and stratified estimates according to serotype information.

Results

The overall number of IPD declined modestly over the study period. By 2017-2018, IPD due to PCV7 serotypes was very rare; IPD due to the 6 additional serotypes included in PCV13 declined below 1999-2000 levels after more than a doubling early in the decade; and IPD due to non-PCV13 serotypes steadily increased reaching ~80% of the total IPD cases. The proportion of all IPD cases with high-risk and at-risk comorbidities increased over time from 11% (1999-2000) to 27% (2017-2018) and from 25% to 60%, respectively (Figure).

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Conclusions

After widespread use of PCVs, patients with residual IPD in Tennessee have a higher prevalence of relevant comorbidities than in previous years. These risk profile changes need to be considered in future prevention plans.

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