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O004 - PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF PNEUMONIA AND DIARRHOEA IN UNDER-5 CHILDREN IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (ID 665)
Abstract
Background
The integrated Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia and Diarrhoea (GAPPD) was implemented by WHO/UNICEF in 2013 to end preventable childhood deaths due to pneumonia and diarrhoea by 2025. Notwithstanding, these diseases are the leading cause of child mortality globally. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of pneumonia and diarrhoea in under-five children and investigate their demographic and socioeconomic risk factors in developing countries.
Methods
This study analysed 566,811 surviving under five-year-old children pooled from the latest round of Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 53 developing countries. Both the bivariate analysis and logistic regression have been employed to analyse the data.
Results
This study reveals that about 6% and 16% of children were suffered from pneumonia and diarrhoea, respectively and varied widely across the countries and major geographical regions. The higher acute respiratory infection (11%) and higher diarrhoea (19%) prevalence have been found in Latin-America and Caribbean-countries and Central-Asia/West-Asia and North-African countries, respectively than other regions. Logistic regressions reveal that several socio-demographic and economic factors are found to be significant factors for both diseases. Among them, the main risk factors are low child birth-weight, low maternal education, poverty, Latin-America and Caribbean-countries and lower-income countries, which are positively associated with both diseases.
Conclusions
GAPPD should target these identified risk factors to achieve target-2025. Further, country-specific studies are needed to determine the risk factors for country-level policy advocacy.