030 - NUTRITIONAL FACTORS OF CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: A CASE CONTROL STUDY IN PAKISTAN (ID 157)
Abstract
Background
Pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality among children. Pneumonia kills 92,000 children every year in Pakistan.
Methods
A case control study was conducted at Federal General Hospital Islamabad. A case was defined as “A child aged 0-59 months with X ray confirmed pneumonia from 1st November 2018 to 28th February 2019. Against each case an age and sex matched healthy control was selected. Pretested questionnaire was used and odds ratios were determined at 95% confidence interval (P value <0.05).
Results
Total 370 children below 5 years (0-59 moths) were recruited (185 cases and 185 controls). Median age of the cases was 29 months (Range=3-59 months) and 52% cases were females. Most affected age group was 24 months and below. Overall 72% (134) of cases were diagnosed with pneumonia and 28% (51) with severe pneumonia. Total 2 deaths were reported. Significant factors were under-nutrition (OR 6.2, CI 4-12), stunting (OR 5.2, CI 3.4-11), inadequate breast feeding (OR 4.1, CI 3-9.1), bottle feeding (OR 3.5, CI 2.3-7.1), underweight (OR 3.3, CI 2.1-7), low birth weight (OR 2.9, CI 2-5.4), childhood wasting (OR 1.8, CI 1.3-2.8).
Conclusions
Nutritional factors have significant impact on Pneumonia. Nutritional education and counselling is required for prevention of Pneumonia.
