Alfred Too, Kenya
KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme,Kilifi Epidemiology and DemographyAuthor Of 1 Presentation
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN PNEUMOCOCCAL CARRIAGE PRE AND POST PCV10 INTRODUCTION IN NIGERIA (ID 521)
Abstract
Background
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Africa, where disease surveillance is limited, nasopharyngeal carriage studies may reveal PCV impact on AMR . We investigated AMR in pneumococcal carriage in Nigeria.
Methods
Nigeria introduced PCV10 between 2014-2016. Random carriage surveys targeting 1000 participants were conducted pre-(2016) and post-PCV10 (2017-2018) in two locations (rural and urban). PCV10 coverage in 2017 and 2018 was 47% and 55%, respectively. Isolates randomly selected from each survey were tested for antimicrobial resistance using broth micro-dilution.
Results
In 571 pneumococcal isolates, prevalence of resistance was -Tetracycline (69%), Cotrimoxazole (68%), Penicillin (43%) and Chloramphenicol (14%). Serotypes 19F, 6A, 11A, 23F, 3, 16F, 19A, 34 and 6B had a high prevalence of resistance. Prevalence of resistance to any antibiotic differed little by pre- vs post-PCV10 era both overall (86% and 85%) and in rural (73% and 71%) and urban (99% and 98%) samples. No difference was seen in prevalence of resistance among vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes by PCV10 era.
Conclusions
Among healthy Nigerians, prevalence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is high in carried pneumococci. Although the data do not show any impact of PCV10 on resistance prevalence, the lack of effect may be explained by incomplete coverage levels.