Abdullah H. Baqui, United States of America
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health International HealthPresenter of 1 Presentation
EFFECT OF NATIONAL INTRODUCTION OF 10-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE ON INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASES IN BANGLADESH: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY (ID 471)
- Abdullah H. Baqui, United States of America
- Eric D McCollum, United States of America
- Arunangshu Roy, Bangladesh
- Nabidul H. Chowdhury, Bangladesh
- Sayed J. Rizvi, Bangladesh
- Rasheda Khanam, United States of America
- Meagan Harrison, United States of America
- Salahuddin Ahmed, Bangladesh
- Nazma Begum, Bangladesh
- Maksuda Islam, Bangladesh
- Abdul Quaiyum, Bangladesh
- William Checkley, United States of America
- Mathuram Santosham, United States of America
- Samir K. Saha, Bangladesh
- Lawrence Moulton, United States of America
Abstract
Background
Bangladesh introduced 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in its national immunization program in early 2015. We conducted case-control, incident trend and indirect cohort analyses to assess PCV impact on invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD).
Methods
To assess PCV impact on IPD, we established community and facility-based surveillance in Bangladesh’s Sylhet district. Children 3-35 months of age attending study clinics were assessed for suspected IPD. Blood and CSF were collected from suspected IPD cases to isolate pneumococcus using culture and molecular tests. Community and clinic controls were matched to each IPD case. Data on immunization status and potential confounders were collected from cases and controls.
Results
During July 2015-June 2018, 94,584 children 3-35-month-old were under surveillance. Of these, 32,021 sought care from study clinics. We enrolled 44 IPD cases, 158 clinic and 173 community controls. Case-control analysis using clinic controls showed 89.6% (95% CI: -26.0 to 99.1) and using community controls showed 83.1% (95% CI:1.57 to 97.1) effectiveness in preventing vaccine type IPD. Time trend analysis estimated 80.1% (95% CI: 38.4, 93.6) effectiveness, and the indirect cohort analysis estimated 76.1% (95% CI: 17.3, 93.1) effectiveness with 3 doses of PCV.
Conclusions
PCV in our population is highly effective in preventing IPD.
Author Of 2 Presentations
EFFECT OF NATIONAL INTRODUCTION OF 10-VALENT PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE ON INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASES IN BANGLADESH: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY (ID 471)
- Abdullah H. Baqui, United States of America
- Eric D McCollum, United States of America
- Arunangshu Roy, Bangladesh
- Nabidul H. Chowdhury, Bangladesh
- Sayed J. Rizvi, Bangladesh
- Rasheda Khanam, United States of America
- Meagan Harrison, United States of America
- Salahuddin Ahmed, Bangladesh
- Nazma Begum, Bangladesh
- Maksuda Islam, Bangladesh
- Abdul Quaiyum, Bangladesh
- William Checkley, United States of America
- Mathuram Santosham, United States of America
- Samir K. Saha, Bangladesh
- Lawrence Moulton, United States of America
Abstract
Background
Bangladesh introduced 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) in its national immunization program in early 2015. We conducted case-control, incident trend and indirect cohort analyses to assess PCV impact on invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD).
Methods
To assess PCV impact on IPD, we established community and facility-based surveillance in Bangladesh’s Sylhet district. Children 3-35 months of age attending study clinics were assessed for suspected IPD. Blood and CSF were collected from suspected IPD cases to isolate pneumococcus using culture and molecular tests. Community and clinic controls were matched to each IPD case. Data on immunization status and potential confounders were collected from cases and controls.
Results
During July 2015-June 2018, 94,584 children 3-35-month-old were under surveillance. Of these, 32,021 sought care from study clinics. We enrolled 44 IPD cases, 158 clinic and 173 community controls. Case-control analysis using clinic controls showed 89.6% (95% CI: -26.0 to 99.1) and using community controls showed 83.1% (95% CI:1.57 to 97.1) effectiveness in preventing vaccine type IPD. Time trend analysis estimated 80.1% (95% CI: 38.4, 93.6) effectiveness, and the indirect cohort analysis estimated 76.1% (95% CI: 17.3, 93.1) effectiveness with 3 doses of PCV.
Conclusions
PCV in our population is highly effective in preventing IPD.
COMMUNITY USE OF DIGITAL AUSCULTATION TO IMPROVE DIAGNOSIS OF CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA IN SYLHET, BANGLADESH (ID 529)
Abstract
Background
The WHO IMCI algorithm for childhood pneumonia diagnosis has high sensitivity but low specificity. This study aims to evaluate whether the use of automated lung sound classification through digital auscultation may improve the accuracy of pneumonia diagnosis in first-level facilities.
Methods
In a cross-sectional design, Community Health Workers (CHW) record lung sounds using a novel digital stethoscope (Smartscope) of 2426 under-5 children with possible pneumonia at first-level facilities in Bangladesh. A standardised paediatric listening panel is classifying the recorded sounds. A mobile app containing the Smartscope analysis system is also classifying the sounds and comparing with the reference paediatric panel’s classification.
Results
As of 31 December 2019, 1957 children screened, 1070 eligible cases identified and 1029 enrolled (32.67% had IMCI pneumonia). The results of the data collected during the first six months will be presented. These results will describe CHWs ability to record quality lung sounds and agreement between human and machine interpretation.
Conclusions
Auscultation and correct interpretation of lung sounds are often not feasible in the first-level facilities. Incorporation of the auto-classification of the Smartscope recorded lung sounds within the current IMCI pneumonia diagnostic algorithm may improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of childhood pneumonia at first-level facilities in LMICs.