The number of deaths due to pneumococcal pneumonia (PP) in the United States (U.S.) is not well defined. The objectives of this study were to define mortality of PP in the city of Louisville, Kentucky and to estimate the number of deaths in hospitalized patients with PP in the U.S.
In hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), urinary antigen detection of 24 S. pneumoniae serotypes (UAD-24) was performed. This UAD-24 study was nested in a prospective population-based cohort study of all adult residents in Louisville, hospitalized with CAP from 6/1/14 to 5/31/16. Louisville PP mortality was evaluated early (during hospitalization and at 30-days after hospitalization) and late (6-months and 1-year after hospitalization) and US number of deaths were estimated.
A total of 708 patients with PP were evaluated. PP mortality was 3.7% during hospitalization, 8.2% at 30-days, 17.6% at 6-months, and 25.4% at 1-year. Number of deaths in the U.S. were: 8,323 (95%CI:5,468-12,091) during hospitalization, 18,619 (95%CI:14,231-23,711) at 30-days, 39,807 (95%CI:33,506-46,502) at 6 months, and 57,626 (95%CI:50,130-64,940) at 1-year.
In hospitalized patients, PP is associated with significant early and late mortality. Approximately 1 out of 4 hospitalized adult patients with PP will die within 1-year.