Invasive Pneumococcal Disease(IPD) causes high mortality in children under 5 years. Colombia started administering PCV10 in 2012. Neumocolombia network monitors IPD in pediatric patients throughout the country.
Case series study in 69 deceased pediatric patients with IPD admitted to 10 hospitals of Bogotá in 2008-2019, and 4 hospitals of Cali, 2 of Medellín and 1 of Cartagena in 2017-2019(preliminary data).
The average age of sample was 31 months (0-180 months); 57(82%) were younger than 48 months. The average hospital stay was 7.8 days; 59(85.5%) were admitted to the ICU. 39 cases (56%) presented pneumonia, 14(20%) bacteremia, 13(18.8%) meningitis and 3(4.3%) pneumonia plus meningitis. Case fatality rate was 9%(39/429) for pneumonia, 20%(13/65) for meningitis, 10.9%(14/128) for bacteremia, and 37.5%(3/8) for meningitis plus pneumonia. 41 isolates(59%) were serotyped, and the ones with the highest case fatality rate were serotype 3 with 11.6%(5/43), serotype 14 with 10.7%(7/65), and serotype 19A with 8.9%(10/112). 14 cases(20%) had decreased susceptibility to penicillin.
Mortality from IPD is higher in children under two years. The highest lethality was found in patients with meningitis plus pneumonia, and the most lethal serotype was 3.Permanent monitoring of mortality by IPD after the implementation of mass vaccination with PCV10 is necessary.