Respiratory tract infection(URI) is one of the most common diseases of childhood . Resistance to antimicrobial agents is becoming a Basic problem in worldwide and in Asia. The aim of our study was to determine the Effects of Antibiotic on Oropharyngeal Pneumococcal Colonization and antibiotic resistace in Children with URI.
This cross-sectional study was performed in mid 2019, 70 Children ( mean age of 6.92 years)with URI were selected . Nasopharyngeal samples were collected by sterile swaps and then inoculated on selective agar. After 24 h incubation, microbiological tests were performed and antimicrobial sensitivity tests were done.
Of 70 children 27 (38.6%) were boys and 43 (61.4%) were girls and the mean age was 6.92 years . Streptococcus pneumonia was recovered from 14 samples (20%). Antibiotic resistance of the isolates to clindamycin ,co-trimoxazole ,azithromycin, ampicillin, , and ceftriaxone were 28%,21%, 7%,7%, 7% respectively and 28% of isolates were not resistant to any antibiotics.
The results of this study showed that antibiotic consumption and daycare attendance are associated with increased antibiotic resistance