Milkie Vu (United States of America)
Emory University Behavioral Sciences and Health EducationPresenter of 2 Presentations
AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE OF HPV AND HPV VACCINE AMONG A NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE OF ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES (ID 134)
Abstract
Introduction
Background: HPV vaccine is a safe and effective method for protecting against different types of HPV-related cancers. HPV vaccine is recommended for both sexes and approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States (U.S.) for adults aged 27-45 (in addition to being already approved for those aged 11-26). This study examines current population-level knowledge of HPV and predictors of awareness of HPV vaccine among U.S. adults.
Methods
Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2018 Health Information Trends Survey (HINTS) (unweighted N=3,504), which collects nationally representative data about the U.S. public's perceptions of cancer. We calculated weighted prevalence estimates for HPV knowledge. We used a weighted multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between awareness of HPV vaccine and predictors (gender, race/ethnicity, nativity, education, household income, and residential area).
Results
Results: Of the sample, 61% reported having heard of HPV; of those who had heard of HPV, 75% knew HPV causes cervical cancer, 29% knew HPV causes penile cancer, and 24% knew HPV causes anal cancer. Around 61% reported HPV vaccine awareness. HPV vaccine awareness was significantly associated with being female (aOR=3.89), being born in the U.S. (aOR=2.08), higher education (aOR=2.53), and higher income (aOR=1.94). Lack of HPV vaccine awareness was associated with being Black compared to White (aOR=0.54).
Conclusions
Conclusion: Compared to data from previous HINTS cycles, our findings show a decline in population-level HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge among adults in the U.S., which necessitates more research, policy, and actions to promote knowledge. We also found evidence of current sociodemographic disparities in HPV awareness. Future research can consider targeting those who are male, Black, not born in the U.S, and have lower education and household income (e.g., subgroups with lower awareness) for health education messages around HPV vaccine.
PRACTICE-, PROVIDER-, AND PATIENT-LEVEL FACILITATORS OF AND BARRIERS TO HPV VACCINE PROMOTION AND UPTAKE IN THE STATE OF GEORGIA (ID 184)
Abstract
Introduction
The state of Georgia (U.S.) experiences higher HPV-associated cancer burden and lower HPV vaccine uptake compared to national estimates. There has been little research utilizing multilevel frameworks to study facilitators of and barriers to HPV vaccine promotion and uptake in Georgia. Guided by the P3 model that concomitantly assesses practice-, provider-, and patient-level factors influencing preventive health behaviors, we examined this question, using the perspectives of diverse healthcare providers recruited from five geographic regions in Georgia.
Methods
Between April and July 2018, we conducted six focus group discussions with a total of 55 healthcare providers. Questions focused on multilevel facilitators of and barriers to HPV vaccine promotion and uptake that healthcare providers observed in their practices. Data analysis was guided by the P3 model and a deductive coding approach based in grounded theory.
Results
At the practice level, providers discussed organizational priorities of HPV vaccinations, ability to schedule future HPV vaccine doses, use of informatics for immunization medical records, availability of HPV vaccine, and ability to coordinate with community resources. At the provider level, influential themes included time constraints, role, knowledge, self-efficacy to discuss HPV vaccine, and HPV vaccine confidence. At the patient level, providers noted issues related to patients’ trust, experiences with HPV vaccine-preventable diseases, perceived high costs, perceived side effects, and concerns with sexual activity.
Conclusions
Effective interventions should incorporate elements addressing each of the levels of the P3 model. Interventions may include incentives to boost vaccine rates and incorporating technology for vaccination appointment scheduling. Additional emphasis should be placed on improving across-practice information exchange and providing additional education for providers on HPV vaccine knowledge. Patient-provider communication and trust emerges as an important intervention target. Providers should be trained in addressing concerns about HPV vaccine, such as those related to costs, side effects, and sexual activity.