University of Costa Rica
Department of Parasitology
María José is a student at the University of Costa Rica (UCR) finishing her pregraduate studies in Microbiology & Clinical Biochemistry. Currently, she participates in projects involving phylogenetic and molecular markers for helminth diagnostics. María José enjoys all areas of microbiology, and although at the moment she is more focused on the area of parasitology, in the future she would like to investigate in projects that are more related to immunology. She has participated in the following published papers: Acknowledging extraordinary women in the history of medical entomology - Parasites & Vectors, volume 15, Article number: 114 (2022), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05234-6 Spirocerca lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: An Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas - Pathogens 2021, 10(2), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10020124

Presenter of 1 Presentation

01. Living with parasites

RIBOSOMAL AND MITOCHONDRIAL GENETIC MARKERS FOR MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF ASCARIDIDAE, ONCHOCERCIDAE AND ANCYLOSTOMATIDAE WORMS: HOW USEFUL ARE THEY? (ID 1225)

Session Type
01. Living with parasites
Date
08/23/2022
Session Time
17:00 - 18:30
Room
Hall B3.M5+6
Lecture Time
18:05 - 18:10
Onsite or Pre-Recorded
Onsite

Abstract

Introduction

Parasitic nematodes of the families Ascarididae, Ancylostomatidae, and Onchocercidae cause a great impact on human and animal populations around the globe. Molecular methods have facilitated taxa differentiation, phylogenetic analyses, and species delimitation. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of different molecular markers for species discrimination prospecting to identify worms not classifiable by morphometrical means.

Methods

Ribosomal (ITS-1, ITS-2, 18S) and mitochondrial (cox1,12S,16S) gene sequences of nematodes from the NCBI database were aligned and phylogenetically analyzed using Bayesian Inference algorithms. Additionally, pairwise identity matrices and violin plots were calculated.

Results

Analyses of the 18S gene in the three families demonstrated poor resolution for species-level differentiation with a minimum pairwise identity of 95.9%. The ITS-1 and ITS-2 presented the lowest inter-species similarity with 63.3% and 51.5%. Analyses of the cox1, 16S and 12S genes showed minimum inter-species similarities of 80.5%, 78.7% and 76.8%, respectively.

Conclusions

In conclusion, ribosomal genes are not recommended for the identification of a worm from these families due to their poor resolution (18S) or high variability (ITS-1, ITS-2). The use of mitochondrial markers showed better results; however, the limited number of 12S and 16S sequences in databases makes phylogenetic analysis challenging and their current use may not be practical for the identification of unknown specimens.

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