Presenter of 1 Presentation
THE ID17 BIOMEDICAL BEAMLINE, HOW WE DELIVER FLASH AND MICROBEAM RADIATION THERAPY AT THE EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIATION FACILITY (ESRF).
Abstract
Background and Aims
The research at the ID17-Biomedical Beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) is focused on the development of innovative biomedical applications.
Microbeam and FLASH Radiation Therapy (RT) are currently performed in preclinical experiments and the start of veterinary trials is imminent. How is this facility working?
Methods
X-ray radiation is generated from an electron beam traversing a periodic magnetic array, a so-called wiggler. The raw spectrum is altered by different attenuators, and ionization chambers are used to monitor the beam intensity. If required, positioning of a multislit collimator along the beam allows the spatial fractionation of the radiation.
The use of a motorized stage combined with radiography image acquisition allows the target placement with sub-millimetric precision. Also, a system for patient positioning is under realization to fulfil the requirements for human trials.
Results
Polychromatic beam spectra with mean energies in the 80-150 keV range are produced with dose-rates up to 14000 Gy/s. Therefore, irradiations of hundreds of Gy can be delivered in a few milliseconds. The horizontal beam divergence of 1 mrad generates quasi-parallel beams, and the definition of beamlets only few tens of microns wide is possible.
Cellular biology, tumour response studies, multi-scale dosimetry and complex irradiation geometries experiments are all successfully conducted by international teams.
Conclusions
The ESRF ID17-Biomedical Beamline represents a unique facility in the RT panorama.
It offers the possibility to investigate the mechanisms undergoing Microbeam and FLASH RT and to develop the necessary technology to make future human trials a concrete reality.
Author Of 2 Presentations
THE ID17 BIOMEDICAL BEAMLINE, HOW WE DELIVER FLASH AND MICROBEAM RADIATION THERAPY AT THE EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIATION FACILITY (ESRF).
Abstract
Background and Aims
The research at the ID17-Biomedical Beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) is focused on the development of innovative biomedical applications.
Microbeam and FLASH Radiation Therapy (RT) are currently performed in preclinical experiments and the start of veterinary trials is imminent. How is this facility working?
Methods
X-ray radiation is generated from an electron beam traversing a periodic magnetic array, a so-called wiggler. The raw spectrum is altered by different attenuators, and ionization chambers are used to monitor the beam intensity. If required, positioning of a multislit collimator along the beam allows the spatial fractionation of the radiation.
The use of a motorized stage combined with radiography image acquisition allows the target placement with sub-millimetric precision. Also, a system for patient positioning is under realization to fulfil the requirements for human trials.
Results
Polychromatic beam spectra with mean energies in the 80-150 keV range are produced with dose-rates up to 14000 Gy/s. Therefore, irradiations of hundreds of Gy can be delivered in a few milliseconds. The horizontal beam divergence of 1 mrad generates quasi-parallel beams, and the definition of beamlets only few tens of microns wide is possible.
Cellular biology, tumour response studies, multi-scale dosimetry and complex irradiation geometries experiments are all successfully conducted by international teams.
Conclusions
The ESRF ID17-Biomedical Beamline represents a unique facility in the RT panorama.
It offers the possibility to investigate the mechanisms undergoing Microbeam and FLASH RT and to develop the necessary technology to make future human trials a concrete reality.
DOUBLE-FRACTION SYNCHROTRON MICROBEAM RADIATION OF MURINE MELANOMA IMPROVES LOCAL CONTROL AND TRIGGERS REGRESSION OF LOCOREGIONAL METASTASIS
Abstract
Background and Aims
Experimental synchrotron X-ray-generated microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) represents an innovative mode of cancer radiotherapy with an excellent therapeutic ratio, but optimization of the irradiation protocol is an essential step toward clinical implementation.
Methods
We irradiated B16-F10 melanoma-bearing C57BL/6J female mice with one or two 396-Gy peak-dose fractions of MRT.
Results
The second MRT fraction remarkably attenuated tumour growth. Both single dose MRT and broad beam irradiation quickly accelerated the formation of metastasis in superficial cervical lymph nodes. Remarkably, the second MRT fraction triggered a very pronounced regression of locoregional metastasis that lasted for 5 weeks. This reduction cannot be explained by direct exposure of melanoma cells to low-dose scattered radiation, therefore an abscopal effect is a legitimate explanation. In search for factors that generated this anti-tumor/anti-metastatic response, we measured plasma concentrations of 34 pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cohorts of mice that received one or two MRT fractions. Neutrophil and T cell-attracting chemokines CXCL5, CXCL12 and CCL22 were significantly increased two days after the second MRT irradiation, indicating that alleviated melanoma growth and progression in animals treated with two MRT fractions could be a consequence of increased recruitment of anti-tumor neutrophils and T cells.
Conclusions
Our study indicates the approach for an optimal MRT regimen. Alone or in combination with immunotherapy, MRT may be able to not only enhance the local and locoregional control, but also boost abscopal effects. Therefore, MRT may be able to decrease the incidence of metastatic disease, the most common cause of death, even after successful treatment of the primary tumor.