All times are listed in CEST (Central European Summer Time)
1562MO - Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients: A nationwide Veterans Affairs study
- Julie T. Wu (Stanford, United States of America)
Abstract
Background
Data is lacking about SARS-CoV-2 vaccination effectiveness in patients with cancer, particularly those on systemic therapy. This retrospective cohort study in the US national Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system reports the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in cancer patients on and off active therapy during the first 140 days following administration.
Methods
This is a multicenter study of SARS-CoV-2 infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated Veterans vaccinated during the period from 12/15/2020 to 5/4/2021. Veterans with solid or hematologic malignancy who received systemic cancer-directed therapy at the VA at least one time between 8/15/2010 to 5/4/2021 were included. Vaccinated patients were exactly matched 1:1 to an unvaccinated control on race, VA facility, rurality of home address, cancer type, and treatment timing and modality with minimum distance matching on age. The primary exposure was receipt of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The primary outcome was laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination effectiveness was defined as 1 minus the risk ratio of SARS-CoV-2 infection for vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated controls.
Results
184,485 patients met eligibility criteria and 113,796 were vaccinated during the study period. Of these, 29,152 vaccinated patients were matched 1:1 to 29,152 unvaccinated or not yet vaccinated controls. As of a median 47 days of follow-up, overall vaccine effectiveness in the matched cohort was 58% (95% CI, 39 to 72%) starting 14 days after the second dose. Patients on chemotherapy within three months prior to first vaccination dose exhibited a 14-day post-second dose effectiveness of 57% (95% CI -23 to 90%), versus 76% (95% CI 50 to 91%) for those on endocrine therapy and 85% (95% CI 29 to 100%) for those off systemic therapy for at least six months prior.
Conclusions
Vaccination is an effective strategy for preventing COVID-19 in cancer patients. However, effectiveness may be reduced in patients actively receiving immunosuppressive systemic therapy. Future study is needed to determine if these patients would benefit from post-vaccination serologies and/or a booster vaccination following completion of therapy.
Legal entity responsible for the study
Nathanael Fillmore.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
W. Branch-Elliman: Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Gilead. G. Parmigiani: Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role: Phaeno Biotechnology. M. Brophy: Financial Interests, Personal, Research Grant: Novartis. N. Munshi: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Celgene; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Janssen; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: AbbVie; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Takeda; Financial Interests, Personal, Member of the Board of Directors: OncoPep. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
1563MO - CoVigi phase IV multicentric trial evaluating COVID-19 vaccination adverse events and immune response dynamics in cancer patients: First results on antibody and cellular immunity
- Radka Obermannova (Brno, South Moravian, Czech Republic)
Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 infection may be a threat for those undergoing active anti-cancer therapy. We aim to study adverse events, efficacy, and immune response in Covid-19 vaccinated patients focusing on possibly interfering therapy.
Methods
CoVigi is a prospective open-label multicentric phase 4 clinical study (EudraCT 2021-000566-14) enrolling patients on anti-cancer treatment. Vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech, AstraZeneca, Johnson&Johnson, or Moderna are considered. Data on vaccination side effects, the onset and course of Covid-19, and quantitative analysis of anti-S and anti-N SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (Roche) and SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular response evaluated by IFN-gamma-release assay (Qiagen) and CD69 expression are recorded as follows: at the baseline (prior to the vaccination), prior to the 2nd dose, 4–8 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months after the first dose.
Results
The trial was initiated on March 22th. As of May 4th, 152 solid cancer and 103 hematooncology patients were enrolled. From preliminary baseline data, 22% of solid cancer and 29% of hematooncology patients had detectable levels of anti-S antibodies with a median of 106 U/ml (range 1.4–3666) and 84 U/ml (range 0.75–2528), respectively (p = 0.888). Surprisingly, only 44% solid cancer and 53% of hematooncology patients with detectable antibodies prior to the vaccination referred on covid-19 in medical history. In the Ab-positive cohort, the IFN-gamma level upon both CD4 and CD8 stimulation was 0.04 pg/ml (IQR 0.02–0.13), the CD69 expression on NKT-like cells increased to 10.9% (IQR 6.6–17.3), whereas in the Ab-negative cohort was 0.00 pg/ml (IQR 0.00–0.01 and to 7.5% (IQR 4.0–10.1), respectively (p < 0.001 and p = 0.079).
Conclusions
Substantial number of cancer patients experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection during active anti-cancer treatment prior to vaccination, often with asymptomatic course. In SARS-CoV-2-immunized patients, we observed SARS-CoV-2 positive cellular response. The preliminary results with dynamics of immune response with 3-month follow-up will be presented at the conference. Acknowledgment: CZECRIN LM2018128, Roche Diagnostics, MMCI00209805, MHCZ/DRO (FNBr, 65269705).
Clinical trial identification
EudraCT 2021-000566-14.
Legal entity responsible for the study
Masaryk University.
Funding
CZECRIN.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
1564MO - Characterization of COVID-19 vaccination response by antibody (Ab) titer and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing in patients (pts) with advanced genitourinary (GU) cancers
- Sabrina K. Salgia (Duarte, United States of America)
Abstract
Background
Preliminary studies have characterized potential adverse effects associated with COVID-19 vaccination in pts with cancer. However, biological characterization of vaccine response has yet to be performed.
Methods
Eligible pts with advanced GU cancers (metastatic/unresectable prostate, bladder and renal cell carcinoma [RCC]) and had not yet received COVID-19 vaccination. Pts were consented to receive sequential blood draws prior to vaccination and at landmarks of 2, 6, and 12 mos following vaccination. Pts on systemic treatment had additional blood draws coinciding with their first 3 cycles of therapy following vaccination. Ab titers to SARS-CoV-2 were quantified via ELISA and reported as an immune status ratio (ISR). RNA was extracted from PBMC aliquots, converted into cDNA and TCR α/β sequences were selectively amplified. TCR abundance and homology clustering was performed using custom scripts.
Results
As of May 14, 2021, 130 pts had consented to the study of whom 126 pts submitted baseline (BL) specimens. The current analysis focuses on 56 pts who submitted cycle 1 (C1) specimens. Among these, 29, 26, and 1 pts had RCC, prostate and bladder cancer, respectively; 19 were on checkpoint inhibitor (CPI)-based regimens while 37 were on non-CPI regimens. BNT162b2 (Pfizer) was the most commonly administered vaccine in the cohort (n=29), followed by mRNA-1273 (Moderna; n=26). COVID-19 Ab titers increased significantly from BL to C1 across the cohort from 0.19 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.12-0.18) to 4.37 (IQR 0.2-6.60; P<0.0001). However, 8/56 pts (14.3%) receiving CPI-based regimens and 8/56 pts (14.3%) receiving non-CPI-based regimens were noted to have negative Ab titers after a median of 18 and 35 days following initial vaccination, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the increase from BL to C1 in pts receiving CPI vs non-CPI-based regimens. Specimen collection is ongoing; updated Ab titer data and TCR sequencing data will be presented.
Conclusions
Our data prompt concern for delayed or insufficient COVID-19 Ab response in a subset of pts with advanced GU cancers.
Legal entity responsible for the study
The authors.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
R. Salgia: Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Janssen; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Novartis. S.K. Pal: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Novartis; Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Medivation; Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Astellas Pharma; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Pfizer; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Novartis; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Aveo; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Myriad; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other: Genentech; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other: Exelixis; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other: BMS; Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other: Astellas Pharma; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Medivation. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Discussion 1562MO, 1563MO and 1564MO
- Luís Castelo-Branco (Faro, Portugal)
LBA60 - Prospective data of >20,000 hospitalised patients with cancer and COVID-19 derived from the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium WHO Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium: CCP-CANCER UK
- Tom Drake (Edinburgh, United Kingdom)
Abstract
Background
The International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol (CCP) UK has collected complete data from 195,000 COVID-19 patients in the UK as of 12th August 2021. Within this consortium CCP-CANCER-UK has been established to study the effects of COVID-19 in hospitalised patients with cancer.
Methods
Patients admitted with proven SARS-CoV-2 infection and registered on CCP-UK from 17th January onwards in 258 healthcare facilities in the UK. Case report forms were used to identify patients with a history of malignant neoplasm or on active treatment for cancer. Analysis is restricted to outcome of patients who were admitted >14 days before data extraction. Patients with a history of cancer and on active treatments were compared to those patients with no history of cancer.
Results
As of 12th August 2021 of the 195,492 participants 15,250 (7.8%) had a history of cancer (Hx Ca) and 5,357 (2.7%) were on active cancer treatment (Act Tx). Patients with cancer were less likely to receive critical care: Hx Ca adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.83, 95%CI 0.72 to 0.95, p < 0.001, Act Tx aHR 0.68, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.74, p <0.001. In hospital mortality 23.6% no cancer, 38.9% Hx Ca and 37.6% (aHR Hx Ca: 1.18, 95%CI 1.10 to 1.27, p <0.001, Act Tx: aHR 1.57, 95%CI 1.48 to 1.66, p <0.001). Younger cancer patients, particularly on Act Tx, were more likely to die than similar aged no Ca patients (Act Tx <50 yrs aHR 5.22, 95%CI 4.19 to 6.52, p <0.001). Data will be presented that show over the course of the pandemic, mortality in cancer patients was higher throughout and did not parallel the downward trends seen in patients with no history of cancer.
Conclusions
Europe’s largest prospective hospitalised COVID-19 dataset continues to demonstrate that cancer is independently associated with mortality with younger patients remaining at increased relative risk. Cancer patients face unique risks from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Ongoing vaccination/mitigation studies need to recruit cancer patients to understand the degree of protection afforded in this at risk population.
Clinical trial identification
ISRCTN66726260.
Legal entity responsible for the study
University of Oxford.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
C. Palmieri: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker, Advisory boards,conference attendance and research funding: Pfizer, Roche, Eli Lilly , Novartis, Daiichi Sankyo, Seattle Genetics. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
1565MO - Time-dependent improvement in the clinical outcomes from COVID-19 in cancer patients: An updated analysis of the OnCovid registry
- David J. Pinato (London, United Kingdom)
Abstract
Background
Early reports from registry studies demonstrated high vulnerability of cancer patients from COVID-19, with case-fatality rates (CFR) >30% at the onset of the pandemic. With advances in disease management and increased testing capacity, the lethality of COVID-19 in cancer patients may have improved over time.
Methods
The OnCovid registry lists European cancer patients consecutively diagnosed with COVID-19 in 35 centres from Jan 2020 to Feb 2021. We analysed clinical characteristics and outcomes stratified in 5 trimesters (Jan-Mar, Apr-Jun, Jul-Sep, Oct-Dec 2020 and Jan-Feb 2021) and studied predictors of mortality across 2 semesters (Jan-Jun 2020 and Jul 2020-Feb 2021).
Results
At data cut-off, the 2634 eligible patients demonstrated significant time-dependant improvement in 14-days CFR with trimestral estimates of 29.8%, 20.3%, 12.5%, 17.2% and 14.5% (p<0.0001). Compared to the 2nd semester, patients diagnosed in the Jan-Jun 2020 time period were ≥65 (60.3% vs 56.1%, p=0.031) had ≥2 comorbidities (48.8% vs 42.4%, p=0.001) and non-advanced tumours (46.4% vs 56.1%, p<0.001). COVID-19 was more likely to be complicated in Jan-Jun 2020 (45.4% vs 33.9%, p<0.001), requiring hospitalization (59.8% vs 42.1%, p<0.001) and anti-COVID-19 therapy (61.7% vs 49.7%, p<0.001). The 14-days CFR for the 1st and 2nd semester was 25.6% vs 16.2% (p<0.0001), respectively. After adjusting for gender, age, comorbidities, tumour features, COVID-19 and anti-cancer therapy and COVID-19 complications, patients diagnosed in the 1st semester had an increased risk of death at 14 days (HR 1.68 [95%CI: 1.35-2.09]), but not at 3 months (HR 1.10 [95%CI: 0.94-1.29]) compared to those from the 2nd semester.
Conclusions
We report a time-dependent improvement in the mortality from COVID-19 in European cancer patients. This may be explained by expanding testing capacity, improved healthcare resources and dynamic changes in community transmission over time. These findings are informative for clinical practice and policy making in the context of an unresolved pandemic.
Clinical trial identification
NCT04393974.
Legal entity responsible for the study
Imperial College London.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
D.J. Pinato: Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: ViiV Healthcare; Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker’s Bureau: Bayer; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: EISAI; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
1566MO - Resilience of elective cancer surgery systems during COVID-19 lockdowns: International, prospective cohort study of planned surgery for 15 tumour types in 61 countries
- James Glasbey (Birmingham, United Kingdom)
Abstract
Background
Surgery is the main modality of cure for solid cancers and was prioritised to continue even during SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. This study aimed to identify immediate areas for system strengthening by comparing the delivery of elective cancer surgery during COVID-19 in periods of lockdown versus light restriction.
Methods
This international, prospective cohort study enrolled patients with 15 cancer types who had a decision for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic up to 31st August 2020. Average national Oxford COVID-19 Stringency Index scores were calculated for each patient during the period they were awaiting surgery, classified into light restrictions (index <20), moderate lockdowns (20-60), and full lockdowns (>60). The primary outcome was the non-operation rate (proportion of patients who did not undergo planned surgery). Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to explore the associations between lockdowns and non-operation.
Results
From 20,006 patients (466 hospitals, 61 countries), 9.1% did not receive surgery after a minimum of 3-months’ follow up (median:23 weeks, IQR:16 to 30 weeks). Light restrictions were associated with a 0.6% non-operation rate, moderate lockdowns 5.5% (adjusted hazard ratio:0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.77-0.84, p<0.001), and full lockdowns with a 15.0% rate (HR:0.51, 0.50-0.53). In sensitivity analyses, this effect was independent of local SARS-CoV-2 rates. Each additional week in lockdown led to a 9% reduction in the likelihood in a patient undergoing their cancer operation. Frail patients, those with advanced cancer, and those in lower-income settings were particularly vulnerable to lockdown effects. Surgery beyond 12-weeks from diagnosis increased during lockdowns (9.1% in light restrictions, 10.4% moderate lockdowns, 23.8% full lockdowns).
Conclusions
Cancer surgery systems worldwide were fragile to lockdowns, with one in seven patients not undergoing planned surgery and more preoperative delays. During current and future periods of societal restriction, the resilience of elective surgery systems requires strengthening, which may include ring-fenced surgical units and critical care capacity.
Clinical trial identification
NCT04384926.
Legal entity responsible for the study
COVIDSurg Collaborate, University of Birmingham, UK.
Funding
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit, the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, Medtronic, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, The Urology Foundation, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
1567MO - COVID-19 and cancer: First report of the ESMO international, registry-based, cohort study (ESMO CoCARE)
- Emanuela Romano (Paris, CEDEX 5, France)
Abstract
Background
At the height of the first wave of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, ESMO mobilized to accelerate research for the understanding of COVID-19 in cancer patients (pts). ESMO CoCARE is an international collaborative registry-based, cohort study, gathering real-world data and information from healthcare professionals about the natural history, treatment and outcomes of COVID-19 in cancer pts.
Methods
ESMO CoCARE captures information on pts with any solid or hematologic malignancy (including cancer survivors free of disease for ≥5 years) presenting with a COVID-19 diagnosis in any of the participating centers. Data collected since 06/2020 include demographics, cancer characteristics and status, co-morbidities, COVID-19 clinical features, course, management and outcome. Factors influencing COVID-19 severity (hospitalization +/- ICU support needed) and recovery are investigated using multivariable logistic regression with backward elimination method. The study is ongoing.
Results
The current analysis includes 1551 registered pts (19 countries; 87% pts from 23 European centers, 7% and 6% pts from 5 Northern African and 7 Asian centers), with COVID-19 diagnosis as of 11/03/2021. Median age was 64 years, with the majority female (52%), cancer stage III/IV (58%), and on active cancer treatment (60%). 65% had severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization, with 11% receiving intensive care. In multivariable analysis, in addition to demographics (male gender, older age, other ethnicity than Caucasian, lower BMI), co-morbidities and symptomatic COVID-19, severe disease was associated to higher ECOG PS (Odds Ratio (OR)2 vs 0=5.9, OR1 vs 0=2.1), hematological malignancies (OR hemvs solid =2.0), and active/progressive cancer status (OR progressivevs no evidence of disease =1.6). 98% of pts with mild disease recovered, as opposed to only 70% of those with severe disease. Cancer stage was an additional prognostic factor for recovery (ORI/II vs IV =3.4).
Conclusions
Demographic characteristics, type and status of cancer, and symptomatology of COVID-19 increase the probability of severe disease, while advanced cancer stage is also associated with the risk of death.
Legal entity responsible for the study
Institut Curie, Paris, France.
Funding
ESMO - European Society for Medical Oncology.
Disclosure
E. Romano: Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding, Investigator-initiated trial: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding, Investigator-initiated trial: BMS; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck; Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Roche; Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: Pierre Fabre. R. Lee: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: BMS. A. Croitoru: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Ipsen; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: Astellas; Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Funding: Bristol-Myers Squibb; Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Funding: Merck; Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Funding: Astellas; Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Funding: Servier; Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Funding: Five Prime Therapeutics; Financial Interests, Personal and Institutional, Funding: Amgen; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Travel funding: Merck; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, travel funding: Servier; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, travel funding: Roche. S. Susnjar: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria and/or advisory fees: Roche; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria and/or advisory fees: Pfizer; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria and/or advisory fees: Novartis; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria and/or advisory fees: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Honoraria and/or advisory fees: Amicus. M. Rossi: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, travel and personal fees: Novartis; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, travel and personal fees: Ipsen. O.A. Michielin: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, personal fees: Bristol-Myers Squibb; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, personal fees: MSD; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, personal fees: Novartis; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, personal fees: Roche; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, personal fees: Amgen; Financial Interests, Personal, Other, personal fees: NeraCare GmbH. G. Pentheroudakis: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Amgen; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Bristol Myers Squibb; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Lilly; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Merck; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: MSD; Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Roche; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: AbbVie; Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Amgen; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator, Coordinating PI: Amgen; Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: AstraZeneca; Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Boehringer Ingelheim; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Boehringer Ingelheim; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Bristol Myers Squibb; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: Bristol Myers Squibb; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: Debbiopharm; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Enorasis; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Genekor; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Ipsen; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: Ipsen; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Janssen; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: Lilly; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Merck; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: Merck; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: MSD; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: MSD; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Pfizer; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator: Roche; Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Roche; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Sanofi; Financial Interests, Institutional, Principal Investigator, Coodinating Pi: Servier; Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: Servier. S. Peters: Consultation / Advisory role: AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Beigene, Biocartis, Bio Invent, Blueprint Medicines, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Clovis, Daiichi Sankyo, Debiopharm, Eli Lilly, Elsevier, F. Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech, Foundation Medicine, Illumina, Incyte, IQVIA, Janssen, Medscape, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Merck Serono, Merrimack, Mirati, Novartis, PharmaMar, Phosplatin Therapeutics, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi, Seattle Genetics, Takeda, Vaccibody. Talk in a company’s organized public event: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, e-cancer, Eli Lilly, F. Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech, Illumina, Medscape, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novartis, PER, Pfizer, Prime, RTP, Sanofi, Takeda. Receipt of grants/research supports: (Sub)investigator in trials (institutional financial support for clinical trials) sponsored by Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biodesix, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Clovis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech, GSK, Illumina, Lilly, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Merck Serono, Mirati, Novartis, and Pfizer, Phosplatin Therapeutics. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Discussion LBA60, 1565MO, 1566MO and 1567MO
- Petros Grivas (Seattle, United States of America)