Poster Discussion 2 – Translational research Poster Discussion session

1878PD - Pan-cancer analysis of clinical acquired resistance (AR) in BRAF-driven real-world cases (ID 1699)

Presentation Number
1878PD
Lecture Time
11:00 - 11:00
Speakers
  • Filippo Pietrantonio (Milan, Italy)
Location
Tarragona Auditorium (Hall 7), Fira Gran Via, Barcelona, Spain
Date
30.09.2019
Time
10:30 - 11:30

Abstract

Background

BRAF genomic alterations (GA) occur in multiple tumor types and BRAF/MEK targeted therapies are approved in melanoma and NSCLC. Diverse mechanisms of AR to these therapies have been proposed but have not been comprehensively assessed.

Methods

Hybrid-capture based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed on FFPE (n = 228,629) or blood-based cell free DNA (cfDNA, n = 15,069) samples for 222,952 patients (pts). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was determined on 0.8-1.1 Mbp of sequenced DNA. Samples without evidence of tumor DNA or known to have not received RAF/MEK inhibitors were excluded. Paired samples were collected >60 days apart (median 523, range 71-5571).

Results

Paired samples with BRAF V600E (64%) or other activating BRAF GA (36%) were available for 154 pts with NSCLC (20%), melanoma (19%), CRC (15%) myeloma (8.4%) glioma (7.1%) or other (30%) cancers. Acquired GA previously described preclinically or clinically including in BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, MEK1, PIK3CA, PTEN, MET, and CCND1 occurred in 34 cases (Table). 56 additional cases had reportable acquired GA in other genes (eg. STK11, NF1). Median TMB was 4.0 vs 5.2 mut/Mb in the first vs second sample (p = 0.23). In 12% of cases (9 tissue, 9 cfDNA) a BRAF GA was not detected in the second sample. Most AR mechanisms (MET amp, KRAS mut, secondary BRAF GA) were tumor agnostic, but PIK3CA and PTEN GA were enriched in brain samples and absent in CRC, and NRAS mut were exclusive to melanoma (Table). Treatment status was available for a subset of cases. Notably V600E CRC, NSCLC and melanoma each had acquired MET amp post-dabrafenib + trametinib, and a V600E myeloma had acquired MEK C121S post-trametinib + vemurafenib. Additional clinical data will be presented.

Potential AR mechanismNo. cases#AR subtypesDisease HistologiesAssociated Primary BRAF GABiopsy location*
KRAS mut7G12D (2), G12R, G12V, G13D, Q61H, K117NCRC (2), NSCLC (2), cholangiocarcinoma, multiple myeloma, CLLV600E (6), G466Aomentum (2), liver
NRAS mut4G12C, G13R, G13R/Q61H, Q61H/Kmelanoma (4)V600E (2), V600R, G469Abrain (1), lymph node (1), soft tissue (1)
NRAS amp1amp estimated copies: 41NSCLCV600Epericardial fluid
Secondary BRAF GA10N-terminal deletion exons 2-8 (6), duplications exons 10-18, L505H, N581I/D594G, amp estimated copies: 6NSCLC (4), CRC (2), melanoma (2), multiple myeloma, pancreaticV600E (9), G466Aliver (3), lymph node (2), lung, abdominal wall, brain
MEK1 mut1C121Smultiple myelomaV600ENA
PIK3CA mut5H1047R (2), G1049R, R88Q, S405Fglioma (3), NSCLC, thyroidV600E (3), N486_T491>K, R506_K507insVLRbrain (4), lung
PTEN GA5E7fs*, R130*, G129R, splice site 165-1G>A, lossmelanoma (2), glioma, NSCLC, UP neuroendocrineV600E, V600K, R506_K507insVLR, KHDRBS2-BRAF fusionbrain (2), abdomen, soft tissue
CCND1 amp2amp estimated copies: 9, 10NSCLC, thyroidV600E, G464Vbrain, pleural fluid
MET amp4amp estimated copies: 12, 14, 15, 56NSCLC, CRC, melanoma, UP adenocarcinomaV600E (4)lymph node, colon, brain, liver

Indicated for tissue samples only (NA= not applicable); #5 cases had AR alterations in multiple genes included here; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer, CRC: colorectal carcinoma; CLL: chronic lymphocytic leukemia; UP: unknown primary; AR: acquired resistance; mut: mutation; amp: amplification.

Conclusions

Novel and previously observed potential AR alterations in paired BRAF altered clinical samples were detected using CGP. Most AR mechanisms appeared independent of tumor type and biopsy site. Additional clinical studies to explore effective treatments for these AR subsets are needed.

Legal entity responsible for the study

The authors.

Funding

Foundation Medicine.

Disclosure

F. Pietrantonio: Advisory / Consultancy: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy: Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy: Eli-Lily; Advisory / Consultancy: Bayer; Advisory / Consultancy: Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy: Servier; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck Serono. J. Lee: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. L. Boussemart: Advisory / Consultancy: Novartis; Advisory / Consultancy: Pierre Fabre. G. Srkalovic: Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Foundation Medicine. R. Madison: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. J.S. Ross: Leadership role, Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. V.A. Miller: Leadership role, Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy: Revolution Medicines. B.M. Alexander: Leadership role, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. S.M. Ali: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. A.B. Schrock: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Foundation Medicine; Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options: Roche. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

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