Routine challenges such as non-response at established daily doses, poor adherence or pharmacokinetic interactions with clinical consequences and adverse effects (pharmacovigilance) comprise a major part of psychopharmacotherapy. Therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacogenetic tests are valuable tools that allow fort treatment tailoring in routine clinical care. This course will be centered on the following issues: • Introduction: Definition of TDM in psychiatry, theoretical background, practical recommendations; cytochrome P-450: polymorphisms, clinical consequences of a genetic particularity in metabolism, practical recommendations for genotyping and phenotyping. • Presentation of vignettes: TDM alone and in combination with pharmacogenetic tests: general situations; situations of interactions, combination treatments; in special populations (elderly, forensic patients, pregnant patients, adolescents, somatically ill patients); pharmacovigilance