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CORTICAL NETWORK MODULARITY CHANGES ALONG THE COURSE OF FRONTOTEMPORAL AND ALZHEIMER’S DEMENTING DISEASES
Abstract
Aims
Cortical network modularity underpins cognitive functions, so we hypothesized its progressive derangement along the course of frontotemporal (FTD) and Alzheimer’s (AD) diseases.
Methods
EEG was recorded in 18 FTD, 18 AD, and 20 healthy controls (HC). In the FTD and AD patients, the EEG recordings were performed at the prodromal stage of dementia, at the onset of dementia, and three years after the onset of dementia. HC underwent three EEG recordings at 2-3-year time interval. Information flows underlying EEG activity recorded at electrode pairs were estimated by means of Mutual Information (MI) analysis. The functional organization of the cortical network was modelled by means of the Graph theory analysis on MI adjacency matrices.
Results
Graph theory analysis showed that the main hub of HC (Parietal area) was lost in FTD patients at onset of dementia, substituted by provincial hubs in frontal leads. No changes in global network organization were found in AD.
Conclusions
Results showed that the parietal “main hub” of HC and AD patients was lost in the FTD patients at the dementia onset, substituted by frontal “provincial hubs” and local “small worlds”. No change in global network organization was found in AD patients during the disease progression.
Despite a progressive cognitive impairment during the FTD and AD progression, only the FTD patients showed a derangement in the cortical network modularity, possibly due to dysfunctions in frontal functional connectivity.