Mette B. Damholt, Denmark
Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) Department of NephrologyAuthor Of 1 Presentation
ASSOCIATIONS WITH KIDNEY DISEASE DIFFER FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA
Abstract
Aims
To explore the associations between kidney disease and dementia, overall and by dementia subtype.
Methods
Our study cohort included 4,313,191 persons ≥40 years of age living in Denmark at some point during 1996-2017. We compared the risks of dementia in persons with and without a history of kidney disease using Cox regression with age as the underlying time scale.
Results
Compared with persons without kidney disease, persons with any kidney disease had a higher risk of dementia overall (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-1.25) and of early-onset (<65 years) dementia in particular (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.50-1.85). Stronger associations were observed for acute kidney disease (dementia overall: HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.37-1.51; early-onset dementia: HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.71-2.52; late-onset dementia: HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.34-1.48) than for chronic kidney disease (dementia overall: HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.10-1.17; early-onset dementia: HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.37-1.89; late-onset dementia: HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08- 1.16). Persons with kidney disease had increased risks of vascular dementia (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.33-1.54) and other/unspecified dementia (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.26-1.34); in contrast, kidney disease was not associated with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.03). Acute kidney disease was particularly strongly associated with the risk of early-onset vascular dementia (HR 3.09, 95% CI 1.65-5.81).
Conclusions
Kidney disease, especially acute kidney disease, was associated with increased risks of dementia, early-onset dementia in particular. Kidney disease was associated with increased risks of vascular dementia but not of Alzheimer’s disease.